Euthanasia

Physiologic, behavioral, and histologic responses to various euthanasia methods in C57BL/6NTac male mice

Rodent euthanasia using exposure to increasing concentrations of CO2 has come under scrutiny due to concerns of potential pain during the euthanasia process. Alternatives to CO2, such as isoflurane and barbiturates, have been proposed as more humane methods of euthanasia....

Year Published: 2017Topics: EuthanasiaAnimal Type: Mouse, Rodent

Citation: Boivin, G. P., Bottomley, M. A., Schiml, P. A. et al. 2017. Physiologic, behavioral, and histologic responses to various euthanasia methods in C57BL/6NTac male mice. JAALAS 56(1), 69-78.

Intraperitoneal administration of ethanol as a means of euthanasia for neonatal mice (Mus musculus)

The humane euthanasia of animals in research is of paramount importance. Neonatal mice frequently respond differently to euthanasia agents when compared with adults. The AVMA's Guidelines for the Euthanasia of Animals includes intraperitoneal injection of ethanol as "acceptable with conditions,"...

Year Published: 2017Topics: EuthanasiaAnimal Type: Mouse, Rodent

Citation: de Souza Dyer, C., Brice, A. K., Marx, J. O. 2017. Intraperitoneal administration of ethanol as a means of euthanasia for neonatal mice (Mus musculus). JAALAS 56(3), 299-306.

Evaluation of best practices for the euthanasia of zebra finches (Taeniopygia guttata)

Although zebra finches (Taeniopygia guttata) have been used in biomedical research for many years, no published reports are available about euthanizing these small birds. In this study, we compared 5 methods for zebra finch euthanasia: sodium pentobarbital (NaP) given intracoelomically...

Year Published: 2017Topics: EuthanasiaAnimal Type: Bird, Finch

Citation: Scott, K. E., Bracchi, L. A., Lieberman, M. T. et al. 2017. Evaluation of best practices for the euthanasia of zebra finches (Taeniopygia guttata). JAALAS 56(6), 802-806.

Review of CO2 as a euthanasia agent for laboratory rats and mice

Selecting an appropriate, effective euthanasia agent is controversial. Several recent publications provide clarity on the use of CO2 in laboratory rats and mice. This review examines previous studies on CO2 euthanasia and presents the current body of knowledge on the...

Year Published: 2017Topics: EuthanasiaAnimal Type: Mouse, Rat, Rodent

Citation: Boivin, G. P., Hickman, D. L., Creamer-Hente, M. A. et al. 2017. Review of CO2 as a euthanasia agent for laboratory rats and mice. JAALAS 56(5), 491-499.

Evaluation of a commercially available euthanasia solution as a voluntarily ingested euthanasia agent in laboratory mice

All currently accepted methods of euthanasia for laboratory mice involve some degree of stress, fear, anxiety, or pain. We evaluated the voluntary oral administration of a euthanasia drug in 99 male and 81 female mice of various strains. We first...

Year Published: 2018Topics: EuthanasiaAnimal Type: Mouse, Rodent

Citation: Dudley, E. S., Boivin, G. P. 2018. Evaluation of a commercially available euthanasia solution as a voluntarily ingested euthanasia agent in laboratory mice. JAALAS 57(1), 30-34.

Effectiveness of rapid cooling as a method of euthanasia for young zebrafish (Danio rerio)

Despite increased use of zebrafish (Danio rerio) in biomedical research, consistent information regarding appropriate euthanasia methods, particularly for embryos, is sparse. Current literature indicates that rapid cooling is an effective method of euthanasia for adult zebrafish, yet consistent guidelines regarding...

Year Published: 2018Topics: EuthanasiaAnimal Type: Fish, Zebrafish

Citation: Wallace, C. K., Bright, L. A., Marx, J. O. et al. 2018. Effectiveness of rapid cooling as a method of euthanasia for young zebrafish (Danio rerio). JAALAS 57(1), 58-63.

A good death? Report of the second Newcastle meeting on laboratory animal euthanasia

Millions of laboratory animals are killed each year worldwide. There is an ethical, and in many countries also a legal, imperative to ensure those deaths cause minimal suffering. However, there is a lack of consensus regarding what methods of killing...

Year Published: 2016Topics: EuthanasiaAnimal Type: Fish, Mouse, Rat, Rodent, Zebrafish

Citation: Hawkins, P., Prescott, M., Carbone, L. et al. 2016. A good death? Report of the second Newcastle meeting on laboratory animal euthanasia. Animals 6(9), 50.

Evaluation of low versus high volume per minute displacement CO2 methods of euthanasia in the induction and duration of panic-associated behavior and physiology

Current recommendations for the use of CO 2 as a euthanasia agent for rats require the use of gradual fill protocols (such as 10% to 30% volume displacement per minute) in order to render the animal insensible prior to exposure...

Year Published: 2016Topics: EuthanasiaAnimal Type: Rat, Rodent

Citation: Hickman, D., Fitz, S., Bernabe, C. et al. 2016. Evaluation of low versus high volume per minute displacement CO2 methods of euthanasia in the induction and duration of panic-associated behavior and physiology. Animals 6(8), 45.

Evaluation of alternative euthanasia methods of neonatal chickens

Hatched male layer chicks are currently euthanized by maceration in the United States. Public concerns on the use of maceration have led to the search for alternative methods. We hypothesized that gas inhalation and low atmospheric pressure stunning (LAPS) are...

Year Published: 2018Topics: EuthanasiaAnimal Type: Bird, Chicken

Citation: Gurung, S., White, D., Archer, G. et al. 2018. Evaluation of alternative euthanasia methods of neonatal chickens. Animals 8(3), 37.

The effect of light level, CO2 flow rate, and anesthesia on the stress response of mice during CO2 euthanasia

Euthanasia protocols are designed to mitigate the stress experienced by animals, and an environment that induces minimal stress helps achieve that goal. A protocol that is efficient and practical in a typical animal research facility is also important. Light intensity,...

Year Published: 2016Topics: EuthanasiaAnimal Type: Mouse, Rodent

Citation: Powell, K., Ethun, K., Taylor, D. K. 2016. The effect of light level, CO2 flow rate, and anesthesia on the stress response of mice during CO2 euthanasia. Lab Animal 45(10), 386-395.