Environmental Enrichment

Biopolymer-based nesting material for sows and its consequence on nest-building behavior, farrowing kinetics and piglet vitality

In the present study, we evaluated the effects of a soluble and biodegradable biopolymer-based material, structurally resembling natural fiber, as an alternative nesting-material for prepartum gilts. A total of 18 first parity sows and their litters were studied. One hour...

Year Published: 2025Topics: Environmental Enrichment, ReproductionAnimal Type: Pig

Citation: Monteiro, M. S., Muro, B. B. D., Nicolino, M. V. B. et al. 2025. Biopolymer-based nesting material for sows and its consequence on nest-building behavior, farrowing kinetics and piglet vitality. Applied Animal Behaviour Science 284, 106555.

Shelter or complexity? Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) preference for enrichment structures is a matter of time and frequency of visits

Assessing fish preferences for resources may be an interesting approach to select environmental enrichments to improve their welfare. However, different operational variables may end up indicating distinct preferences. Here we investigated whether Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) express different preferences for...

Year Published: 2025Topics: Environmental EnrichmentAnimal Type: Fish, Tilapia

Citation: Maia, C. M., Montalt, A. V., Arechavala-Lopez, P. et al. 2025. Shelter or complexity? Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) preference for enrichment structures is a matter of time and frequency of visits. Applied Animal Behaviour Science 283, 106498.

The effects of light and novel enrichment on Eastern indigo snake (Drymarchon couperi) behavior and physiology

Reptiles play an important role in education and conservation goals within the zoological community, yet evidence-based management protocols tailored to this group remain notably scarce. To redress this, a study was designed to assess behavioral and physiological changes to different...

Year Published: 2025Topics: Environmental Enrichment, Husbandry & ManagementAnimal Type: Reptile, Snake

Citation: Lynch, E. C., Roznik, E. A., Smith, D. et al. 2025. The effects of light and novel enrichment on Eastern indigo snake (Drymarchon couperi) behavior and physiology. Applied Animal Behaviour Science 286, 106598.

Good welfare is attractive: Female zebrafish (Danio rerio) prefer males from complex, well-resourced conditions over males from conventional barren laboratory tanks

Applied ethologists often find that sub-optimal housing (e.g. barren versus “enriched”, well-resourced conditions) impairs animals’ interactions with conspecifics. Furthermore, some housing effects on social/sexual interactions persist even in standardised test situations. For example, in mating tests on three mammalian and...

Year Published: 2025Topics: Environmental Enrichment, ReproductionAnimal Type: Fish, Zebrafish

Citation: Lavery, J. M., Snaith, K., Pallarca, J. et al. 2025. Good welfare is attractive: Female zebrafish (Danio rerio) prefer males from complex, well-resourced conditions over males from conventional barren laboratory tanks. Applied Animal Behaviour Science 286, 106603.

Impact of enrichment of metabolic cages with ball-shaped shelters in studies of protein metabolism in rats (Rattus norvegicus)

Housing in metabolic cages for quantitative collection of urine and feces is necessary for nitrogen (N) metabolism studies but may have negative consequences for rat welfare. We hypothesized that providing shelters in metabolic cages would affect the rats’ behavior and...

Year Published: 2025Topics: Biological Sampling & Physiological Measurement, Environmental EnrichmentAnimal Type: Rat, Rodent

Citation: Lærke, H. N., Ternman, E. M., Stødkilde, L. et al. 2025. Impact of enrichment of metabolic cages with ball-shaped shelters in studies of protein metabolism in rats (Rattus norvegicus). Journal of the American Association for Laboratory Animal Science 64(2), 301–309.

Behavior and safety in the use of canopy bridges by howler monkeys in an experimental environment

Urban sprawl advances over forested areas and threatens arboreal species, which often use roads, power lines, and rooftops to move, resulting in roadkill, electrocution, and dog attacks. One measure to mitigate these risks is the installation of canopy bridges, which...

Year Published: 2025Topics: Environmental Enrichment, HousingAnimal Type: Nonhuman Primate, Other Nonhuman Primate

Citation: Dias, P., Teixeira, F. Z., Ferrugem, V. H. C. et al. 2025. Behavior and safety in the use of canopy bridges by howler monkeys in an experimental environment. Applied Animal Behaviour Science 290, 106696.

Hide-and-seek: Examining hide preferences and behavior patterns of reptiles through 24-hour monitoring (2025)

Providing animals in zoos with private, out-of-view areas is a basic need for many species but has been rarely studied systematically. Recent research on reptiles has highlighted the welfare benefits of complex environments but, as these studies typically include private...

Year Published: 2025Topics: Environmental Enrichment, Housing, Husbandry & ManagementAnimal Type: Lizard, Reptile, Snake

Citation: Wierzal, N., Seiler, S., Boehm, D. et al. 2025. Hide-and-seek: Examining hide preferences and behavior patterns of reptiles through 24-hour monitoring. Animal Behavior and Cognition 12(2), 243–257.

Contrafreeloading and its influencing factors in budgerigars (Melopsittacus undulatus): Implications for their feeding and welfare (2025)

Contrafreeloading (CFL) refers to animals' tendency to prefer obtaining food through effort rather than accessing food that is freely available. Researchers have proposed various hypotheses to explain this intriguing phenomenon, but few studies have provided a comprehensive analysis of the...

Year Published: 2025Topics: Environmental EnrichmentAnimal Type: Bird, Parrot

Citation: Tao, Y., Zhu, Y.-T., Li, H. et al. 2025. Contrafreeloading and its influencing factors in budgerigars (Melopsittacus undulatus): Implications for their feeding and welfare. Animal Welfare 34, e21

Effects of access to a well-resourced environment on dairy calf cognition and affective state (2025)

Dairy calves are often raised without maternal contact and in environments of low complexity. Environments that limit natural behaviors are known to impair cognitive development and affective states. We explored the effect of environmental complexity on one measure of social...

Year Published: 2025Topics: Emotion, Pain, & Sentience, Environmental EnrichmentAnimal Type: Cattle

Citation: Suchon, M., Weary, D. M., Keyserlingk, M. A. G. von. 2025. Effects of access to a well-resourced environment on dairy calf cognition and affective state. PLOS ONE 20(5), e0323089.

The importance of novel and cognitive enrichment for captive chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) and the use of activity budgets and social network analysis to assess welfare (2025)

I introduced foraging enrichment with a cognitive component to a group of six captive adult chimpanzees living at ZSL Whipsnade Zoo in Dunstable in the United Kingdom. I conducted preliminary behavioural observations for 13 days spread over a four week...

Year Published: 2025Topics: Environmental EnrichmentAnimal Type: Chimpanzee, Nonhuman Primate

Citation: Stitt, A. E. 2025. The importance of novel and cognitive enrichment for captive chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) and the use of activity budgets and social network analysis to assess welfare. Canopy 25(2).