Biological Sampling & Physiological Measurement

Training adult male rhesus monkeys to actively cooperate during in-homecage venipuncture

A training technique is described for ensuring the active cooperation of 10 pair-housed and 5 single-housed adult male rhesus monkeys during in-homecage venipuncture. Mean cumulative training time investment per male was 40 minutes. Once trained, all males cooperated during in-homecage...

Year Published: 1991Topics: Animal Training, Biological Sampling & Physiological MeasurementAnimal Type: Macaque, Nonhuman Primate

Citation: Reinhardt, V. 1991. Training adult male rhesus monkeys to actively cooperate during in-homecage venipuncture. Animal Technology 42, 11-17.

In-homecage blood collection from conscious stumptailed macaques

Six adult female stumptailed macaques (Macaca aretoides) were trained within a two week period to actively co-operate during in-homecage venipuncture rather than in a restraint apparatus away from the homecage. The training was based on consistent firmness, gentleness and patience....

Year Published: 1992Topics: Animal Training, Biological Sampling & Physiological MeasurementAnimal Type: Macaque, Nonhuman Primate

Citation: Reinhardt, V., Cowley, D. 1992. In-homecage blood collection from conscious stumptailed macaques. Animal Welfare 1(4), 249-255.

Improved handling of experimental rhesus monkeys

The significant increase of serum cortisol concentration associated with involuntary manual or mechanical restraint during venipuncture was absent in females who were trained to voluntarily cooperate during the procedure in the homecage. The present findings indicate that training rhesus monkeys...

Year Published: 1992Topics: Animal Training, Biological Sampling & Physiological MeasurementAnimal Type: Macaque, Nonhuman Primate

Citation: Reinhardt, V. 1992. Improved handling of experimental rhesus monkeys. In: The Inevitable Bond. Examining Scientist-Animal Interactions. Davis, H., Balfour, A. D. (eds), 171-177. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK.

Removal of blood from laboratory mammals and birds

Since stress may cause physiological reactions which may affect the research, the method of blood sampling used should be checked for any associated changes. ... It is obviously in the interests of good science, as well as of animal welfare,...

Year Published: 1993Topics: Biological Sampling & Physiological MeasurementAnimal Type: All/General

Citation: Morton, D. B., Abbot, D., Barclay, R. et al. 1993. Removal of blood from laboratory mammals and birds. Laboratory Animals 27, 1-22.

Chronic monitoring of cardiovascular function in the conscious guinea pig using radio-telemetry

An implantable radio-telemetry device for chronic monitoring of arterial pressure and heart rate in the conscious guinea pig was validated against measurements using an exteriorized, indwelling catheter. There were no significant differences between simultaneous measurements in animals instrumented with both...

Year Published: 1994Topics: Biological Sampling & Physiological MeasurementAnimal Type: Guinea Pig, Rodent

Citation: Depasquale, M. J., Ringer, L. W., Winslow, R. L. et al. 1994. Chronic monitoring of cardiovascular function in the conscious guinea pig using radio-telemetry. Clinical Experimentation of Hypertension 16, 245-260.

Monitoring female reproductive function by measurement of fecal estrogen and progesterone metabolites in the white-faced saki (Pithecia pithecia)

First morning void urine was collected directly in a polypropylene container hand-held under the female subject. A second container was held under the female to collect fecal material. [The group-housed] females urinated and defecated within 5-20 min. Following sample collection,...

Year Published: 1994Topics: Biological Sampling & Physiological MeasurementAnimal Type: Nonhuman Primate, Other Nonhuman Primate

Citation: Shideler, S. E., Savage, A., Ortuno, A. M. et al. 1994. Monitoring female reproductive function by measurement of fecal estrogen and progesterone metabolites in the white-faced saki (Pithecia pithecia). American Journal of Primatology 32, 95-108.

Circadian and short-term variabilities in blood pressure and heart rate measured by telemety in rabbits and rats

Blood pressure (BP) and heart rate (HR) were measured by telemetry in conscious unrestrained rabbits to clarify the profile of their variabilities. The variabilities were assessed for two periods, 24 h (circadian rhythm) and 1 h (short-term variability), and compared...

Year Published: 1995Topics: Biological Sampling & Physiological MeasurementAnimal Type: Rabbit, Rat, Rodent

Citation: Sato, K., Chatani, F., Sato, S. 1995. Circadian and short-term variabilities in blood pressure and heart rate measured by telemety in rabbits and rats. Journal of the Autonomous Nervous System 54, 235-246.

Influences of blood sampling procedures on basal hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal hormone levels and leukocyte values in rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta)

Differences in housing location and the amount of room disturbance associated with blood sampling have a significant impact on cell counts, but not on ACTH or cortisol levels. We believe that the critical factor that explains our housing location results...

Year Published: 1996Topics: Biological Sampling & Physiological Measurement, Housing, Husbandry & ManagementAnimal Type: Macaque, Nonhuman Primate

Citation: Capitanio, J. P., Mendoza, S. P., McChesney, M. 1996. Influences of blood sampling procedures on basal hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal hormone levels and leukocyte values in rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta). Journal of Medical Primatology 25(1), 26-33.

Refining the blood collection procedure for macaques

Training protocol is described. These findings lead to the conclusion that training nonhuman primates to cooperate during venipuncture in their familiar home environment offers a methodological refinement by eliminating significant cortisol responses.

Year Published: 1996Topics: Animal Training, Biological Sampling & Physiological MeasurementAnimal Type: Macaque, Nonhuman Primate

Citation: Reinhardt, V. 1996. Refining the blood collection procedure for macaques. Lab Animal 25(1), 32-35.

Training nonhuman primates to cooperate during handling procedures: A review

Twenty-six reports provide detailed information of how primates can be trained to voluntarily cooperate - rather than resist - during blood collection, injection, topical drug application, blood pressure measurement, urine collection, and capture.

Year Published: 1997Topics: Animal Training, Biological Sampling & Physiological Measurement, Cannulation, Catheterization, & Intubation, Human-Animal Interaction, RestraintAnimal Type: Baboon, Capuchin, Chimpanzee, Lemur, Macaque, Marmoset, Nonhuman Primate, Other Nonhuman Primate, Owl Monkey, Squirrel Monkey, Vervet (African Green Monkey)

Citation: Reinhardt, V. 1997. Training nonhuman primates to cooperate during handling procedures: A review. Animal Technology 48, 55-73.