Sheep

Influence of artificial rearing on behavioral and immune response of lambs

In conclusion, early separation from the ewe affects humoral immune response and post-separation performance of lambs as a possible consequence of a reduced ability of young animals to cope with emotional and nutritional stresses.

Year Published: 1995Animal Type: Sheep

Citation: Napolitano, F., Marino, V., de Rosa, G. et al. 1995. Influence of artificial rearing on behavioral and immune response of lambs. Applied Animal Behaviour Science 45, 245-253.

Stress-associated concentrations of plasma cortisol cannot account for reduced lymphocyte function and changes in serum enzymes in lambs exposed to restraint and isolation stress

Lambs were used to evaluate the effect of stress-associated plasma concentrations of cortisol on measures of immune function. Lambs given restraint and isolation stress (RIS) were isolated from visual and tactile contact with other lambs for 6 h on three...

Year Published: 1995Animal Type: Sheep

Citation: Minton, J. E., Apple, J. K., Parsons, K. M. et al. 1995. Stress-associated concentrations of plasma cortisol cannot account for reduced lymphocyte function and changes in serum enzymes in lambs exposed to restraint and isolation stress. Journal of Animal Science 73, 812-817.

Restraint and Handling of Wild and Domestic Animals (Second Edition)

Photographic documentation of enforced restraint and handling techniques.

Year Published: 1995Animal Type: All/General, Amphibian, Baboon, Bird, Capuchin, Cat, Cattle, Chimpanzee, Chinchilla, Crocodile & Alligator, Dog, Equine, Fish, Gerbil, Gibbon, Goat, Guinea Pig, Hamster, Lemur, Lizard, Macaque, Marine Mammal, Marmoset, Mole Rat, Mouse, Nonhuman Primate, Other Animal, Other Nonhuman Primate, Other Rodent, Owl Monkey, Pig, Rabbit, Rat, Reptile, Rodent, Sheep, Snake, Squirrel Monkey, Turtle & Tortoise, Vervet (African Green Monkey)

Citation: Fowler, M. E. 1995. Restraint and Handling of Wild and Domestic Animals (Second Edition). Iowa State University Press, Ames, IA.

Enrichment for farm animals

Review of basic principles of adequate housing and handling of farm animals in the research laboratory setting.

Year Published: 1995Animal Type: All/General, Bird, Cattle, Chicken, Equine, Pig, Sheep

Citation: Appleby, M. C. 1995. Enrichment for farm animals. Animal Welfare Information Center [AWIC] Resource Series 2, 63-67.

Are faces special for sheep? Evidence from facial and object discrimination learning tests showing effects of inversion and social familiarity

We have previously shown that sheep, like monkeys, have neural circuits within the temporal lobe that respond preferentially to faces. They can also discriminate between sheep, humans and other animals on the basis of facial cues using an enclosed Y-maze....

Year Published: 1996Animal Type: Sheep

Citation: Kendrick, K. M., Atkins, K. A., Hinton, M. R. et al. 1996. Are faces special for sheep? Evidence from facial and object discrimination learning tests showing effects of inversion and social familiarity. Behavior Proceedings 38, 19-35.

Comfortable quarters for sheep and goats

Valuable guidelines for the species-appropriate housing and handling for sheep and goats. The inherent neophobia of sheep and goats makes it an imperative that animals subjected to experimentation be carefully habituated to all new, i.e fear-inducing situations. The adjustment to...

Year Published: 1997Animal Type: Goat, Sheep

Citation: Hinch, G. N. , Lynch, J. J. 1997. Comfortable quarters for sheep and goats. In: Comfortable Quarters for Laboratory Animals, Eighth Edition. Reinhardt, V. (ed), 94-100. Animal Welfare Institute, Washington, DC.

Managing the environmental enrichment program for nonhuman primates and domestic farm animals housed at the National Institutes of Health

The management of the animal enrichment program within the National Institutes of health is described. Nonhuman primates are housed in isosexual pairs and groups whenever possible.

Year Published: 1998Topics: Environmental Enrichment, Social Housing & CompanionshipAnimal Type: Cattle, Chicken, Equine, Goat, Nonhuman Primate, Other Animal, Pig, Rabbit, Sheep

Citation: Watson, L. M., Weed, J. L. 1998. Managing the environmental enrichment program for nonhuman primates and domestic farm animals housed at the National Institutes of Health. American Journal of Primatology 45, 211-212 (Abstract).

The UFAW Handbook on the Care and Management of Laboratory Animals (7th ed): Sheep and Goats

General recommendations for the species-adequate housing and handling of sheep and goats.

Year Published: 1999Animal Type: Goat, Sheep

Citation: Gilbert, C. L. , Kendrick, K. M. 1999. Sheep and goats. In: The UFAW Handbook on the Care and Management of Laboratory Animals (7th ed). UFAW [Universities Federation for Animal Welfare] (edited by Poole, T. and English, P. ), 490-502. Blackwell Science, Oxford, UK.

Agonistic and proximity patterns in enclosed mouflon (Ovies gmelini) ewes in relation to age, reproductive status, and kinship

Agonistic and proximity patterns of mouflon sheep (Ovis gmelini) were studied in a group of enclosed females during two lambing periods. A non-random linear-tending hierarchy almost stable over the 2-years was found. Age was correlated to social rank and to...

Year Published: 2000Animal Type: Sheep

Citation: Guilhem, C., Bideau, E., Gerar, J. F. et al. 2000. Agonistic and proximity patterns in enclosed mouflon (Ovies gmelini) ewes in relation to age, reproductive status, and kinship. Behavioural Processes 50, 101-112.

Minimal number of conspecifics needed to minimize the stress response of isolated mature ewes

Individual separation induced significant increases in respiration rate, serum cortisol concentration, number of steps, vocalizations, and urinations. This effect declined to basal levels when a single companion ewe was present.

Year Published: 2001Animal Type: Sheep

Citation: Carbajal, S., Orihuela, A. 2001. Minimal number of conspecifics needed to minimize the stress response of isolated mature ewes. Journal of Applied Animal Welfare Science 4, 249-255.