Bird

Amelioration of laboratory conditions for pigeons (Columba livia)

Pigeons, rats and other subjects of conditioning experiments in the behaviourism tradition of ethology have been somewhat neglected in terms of animal welfare. They have typically been housed in small indoor cages, isolated from their group, and kept under highly...

Year Published: 1994Animal Type: Bird, Other Bird

Citation: Huber, L. 1994. Amelioration of laboratory conditions for pigeons (Columba livia). Animal Welfare 3, 321-324.

The Accommodation of Laboratory Animals in Accordance with Animal Welfare Requirements: Laying Hens

Berlin Workshop' recommendations for the adequate housing of laying hens address the following issues: (1) Should laying hens be kept in pens or in cages? (2) Should laying hens be kept in groups or individually? If in groups, what should...

Year Published: 1994Animal Type: Bird, Chicken

Citation: Scharmann, W., Oester, H., Blokhuis, H. J. et al. 1994. Laying Hens. In: The Accommodation of Laboratory Animals in Accordance With Animal Welfare Requirements. Proceedings of an International Workshop Held at the Bundesgesundheitsamt, Berlin [The Berlin Workshop]. O'Donoghue, P. N. (ed), 53-58. Bundesministerium f?r Ern?hrung, Landwirtschaft und Forsten, Bonn, Germany.

Foot and skeletal disorders in laying hens

Flat-surfaced, mushroom-shaped, wooden perches reduce keel damage when compared with traditional, wide, rectangular wooden perches [which cause less damage than those with circular cross-section].

Year Published: 1994Animal Type: Bird, Chicken

Citation: Tauson, R., Abrahamsson, P. 1994. Foot and skeletal disorders in laying hens. Acta Agriculturae Scandinavia, Section A - Animal Science 44, 110-119.

Environmental enrichment information resources for laboratory animals: 1965-1995: birds, cats, dogs, farm animals, ferrets, rabbits, and rodents (Vol

Year Published: 1995Animal Type: Bird, Cat, Cattle, Dog, Equine, Ferret, Goat, Pig, Rabbit, Rodent, Sheep

Citation: Smith CP, Taylor V, Nicol C. 1995. Environmental enrichment information resources for laboratory animals: 1965-1995: birds, cats, dogs, farm animals, ferrets, rabbits, and rodents (Vol. 2). DIANE publishing.

Effects of regular handling and exposure to an outside area on subsequent fearfulness and dispersal in domestic hens

Repeated exposure of immature birds to an outside area [enriched environment] reduced fear levels to a greater degree than did regular handling alone. These results are in accord with studies which suggest that previous regular exposure to a complex environment...

Year Published: 1995Animal Type: Bird, Chicken

Citation: Grigor, P. N., Hughes, B. O., Appleby, M. C. 1995. Effects of regular handling and exposure to an outside area on subsequent fearfulness and dispersal in domestic hens. Applied Animal Behaviour Science 44, 47-55.

Endogenous analgesia in the chicken

When chickens were placed in pairs into pens containing a deep layer of wood shavings, they either showed complete analgesia or significantly less pain-related behavioral reactions to a joint inflammation produced by urate injection. When tested in the barren cage,...

Year Published: 1995Animal Type: Bird, Chicken

Citation: Gentle, M. J., Corr, S. A. 1995. Endogenous analgesia in the chicken. Neuroscience Letters 201, 211-215.

Environmental enrichment for laying hens – Spherical objects in the feed trough

Brightly coloured spherical objects [balls 4-9 cm in diameter] placed in the feed trough are considered to be a promising method of successful environmental enrichment [simulating ground-litter] for caged laying hens. There was no indication of habituation.

Year Published: 1995Topics: Environmental EnrichmentAnimal Type: Bird, Chicken

Citation: Sherwin, C. M. 1995. Environmental enrichment for laying hens - Spherical objects in the feed trough. Animal Welfare 4, 41-51.

Environmental enrichment for birds

The greatest risk of physical injury will occur if birds become frightened and attempt to escape from their cages, either during catching procedures or simply when disturbed by human presence. It is therefore important to allow sufficient space for running...

Year Published: 1995Topics: Environmental Enrichment, Housing, Social Housing & CompanionshipAnimal Type: Bird

Citation: Nicol, C. J. 1995. Environmental enrichment for birds. Animal Welfare Information Center [AWIC] Resource Series 2, 1-3.

Restraint and Handling of Wild and Domestic Animals (Second Edition)

Photographic documentation of enforced restraint and handling techniques.

Year Published: 1995Animal Type: All/General, Amphibian, Baboon, Bird, Capuchin, Cat, Cattle, Chimpanzee, Chinchilla, Crocodile & Alligator, Dog, Equine, Fish, Gerbil, Gibbon, Goat, Guinea Pig, Hamster, Lemur, Lizard, Macaque, Marine Mammal, Marmoset, Mole Rat, Mouse, Nonhuman Primate, Other Animal, Other Nonhuman Primate, Other Rodent, Owl Monkey, Pig, Rabbit, Rat, Reptile, Rodent, Sheep, Snake, Squirrel Monkey, Turtle & Tortoise, Vervet (African Green Monkey)

Citation: Fowler, M. E. 1995. Restraint and Handling of Wild and Domestic Animals (Second Edition). Iowa State University Press, Ames, IA.

Norwegian Animal Welfare Act

This Act applies to live animals, birds, toads, frogs, salamanders, reptiles, fish, and crustaceans.

Year Published: 1995Animal Type: All/General, Amphibian, Bird, Crustacean, Fish, Frog & Toad, Reptile, Salamander

Citation: Ministry of Agriculture 1995. Norwegian Animal Welfare Act. Ministry of Agriculture, Oslo, Norway.