Analgesia

Pharmacokinetics, fecal output, and grimace scores in rabbits given long-acting buprenorphine or fentanyl for postsurgical analgesia

The New Zealand white rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus) is a frequently used surgical model. Pain management after surgery is a critical aspect of animal welfare. Recently, a long-acting buprenorphine formulation (Ethiqa XR; EXR) was approved for use in rats and mice...

Year Published: 2024Topics: AnalgesiaAnimal Type: Rabbit

Citation: Farkas, M. R., Dorn, S., Muller, L. et al. 2024. Pharmacokinetics, fecal output, and grimace scores in rabbits given long-acting buprenorphine or fentanyl for postsurgical analgesia. JAALAS 63(3), 303–309.

Pharmacokinetics of injectable meloxicam and buprenorphine in the naked mole-rat (Heterocephalus glaber)

Unique characteristics of the naked mole-rat (NMR) have made it increasingly popular as a laboratory animal model. These rodents are used to study many fields of research including longevity and aging, cancer, circadian rhythm, pain, and metabolism. Currently, the analgesic...

Year Published: 2024Topics: AnalgesiaAnimal Type: Other Rodent, Rodent

Citation: Moran, C. R., Park, T. J., Buffenstein, R. et al. 2024. Pharmacokinetics of injectable meloxicam and buprenorphine in the naked mole-rat (Heterocephalus glaber). JAALAS 63(5), 565–571.

Pharmacokinetics of extended-release buprenorphine and clinical efficacy for postoperative pain management in the domestic ferret (Mustela putorius furo)

Buprenorphine hydrochloride (Bup-HCl) is a common injectable opioid analgesic. In ferrets, Bup-HCl must be administered every 8 to 12 h to maintain clinical efficacy. Extended-release analgesics offer multiple advantages, including reduced handling and injection frequency, improved compliance, and increased protection...

Year Published: 2024Topics: AnalgesiaAnimal Type: Ferret

Citation: Plunkard, J. C. M., Jimenez, I. A., Tarwater, P. M. et al. 2024. Pharmacokinetics of extended-release buprenorphine and clinical efficacy for postoperative pain management in the domestic ferret (Mustela putorius furo). JAALAS 63(5), 552–564.

Pharmacokinetic evaluation of a topical extended-release analgesic in mice

Mice often undergo painful procedures and surgeries as part of biomedical research protocols. Buprenorphine, a partial μ-opioid receptor agonist and κ receptor antagonist, is commonly used to alleviate the pain associated with such procedures. Due to its pharmacokinetic profile, buprenorphine...

Year Published: 2024Topics: AnalgesiaAnimal Type: Mouse, Rodent

Citation: Simmons, T., Hish, G., Martin, T. L. et al. 2024. Pharmacokinetic evaluation of a topical extended-release analgesic in mice. JAALAS 63(5), 581–586.

Evaluation of efficacy of 2 extended-release bupivacaine products in a porcine model of incisional pain

Extended-release (ER) local anesthetics are often incorporated in multi-modal analgesia or as an alternative when the effect of systemic analgesics may confound research. In this study, we compared the analgesic efficacy of 2 ER bupivacaine anesthetics with different ER mechanisms,...

Year Published: 2024Topics: AnalgesiaAnimal Type: Pig

Citation: Yang, P., Yang, S., Durham, L. B. et al. 2024. Evaluation of efficacy of 2 extended-release bupivacaine products in a porcine model of incisional pain. JAALAS 63(4), 422–427.

Antinociceptive and cardiorespiratory effects of a single dose of dexmedetomidine in laboratory mice subjected to craniotomy under general anaesthesia with isoflurane and carprofen or meloxicam

Pain refinement represents an important aspect of animal welfare in laboratory animals. Refining analgesia regimens in mice undergoing craniotomy has been sparsely investigated. Here, we sought to investigate the effect of dexmedetomidine in combination with other analgesic drugs on intraoperative...

Year Published: 2024Topics: AnalgesiaAnimal Type: Mouse, Rodent

Citation: Schiele, A. R., Henze, I. S., Bettschart-Wolfensberger, R. et al. 2024. Antinociceptive and cardiorespiratory effects of a single dose of dexmedetomidine in laboratory mice subjected to craniotomy under general anaesthesia with isoflurane and carprofen or meloxicam. Animals 14(6), 913.

A blinded, randomized and controlled multicenter field study investigating the safety and efficacy of long-term use of enflicoxib in the treatment of naturally occurring osteoarthritis in client-owned dogs

This prospective, multisite, blinded, randomized, placebo-controlled, parallel-group field study aimed to confirm the safety and efficacy of enflicoxib in long-term canine OA treatments.

Year Published: 2024Topics: AnalgesiaAnimal Type: Dog

Citation: Homedes, J., Ocak, M., Riedle, S. et al. 2024. A blinded, randomized and controlled multicenter field study investigating the safety and efficacy of long-term use of enflicoxib in the treatment of naturally occurring osteoarthritis in client-owned dogs. Frontiers in Veterinary Science 11.

The effects of caustic soda and benzocaine on directed grooming to the eyestalk in the glass prawn, Palaemon elegans, are consistent with the idea of pain in decapods

Acceptance of the possibility of pain in animals usually requires that various criteria are fulfilled. One such criterion is that a noxious stimulus or wound would elicit directed rubbing or grooming at the site of the stimulus. There is also...

Year Published: 2024Topics: Analgesia, Emotion, Pain, & SentienceAnimal Type: Crustacean, Invertebrate

Citation: Barr, S., Elwood, R. W. 2024. The effects of caustic soda and benzocaine on directed grooming to the eyestalk in the glass prawn, Palaemon elegans, are consistent with the idea of pain in decapods. Animals 14(3), 364.

Pain management in zebrafish: Report from a FELASA Working Group

Empirical evidence suggests fishes meet the criteria for experiencing pain beyond a reasonable doubt and zebrafish are being increasingly used in studies of pain and nociception. Zebrafish are adopted across a wide range of experimental fields and their use is...

Year Published: 2024Topics: Analgesia, Emotion, Pain, & SentienceAnimal Type: Fish, Zebrafish

Citation: Sneddon, L. U., Schroeder, P., Roque, A. et al. 2024. Pain management in zebrafish: Report from a FELASA Working Group. Laboratory Animals 58(3), 261–276.

Carprofen attenuates postoperative mechanical and thermal hypersensitivity after plantar incision in immunodeficient NSG mice

Immunodeficient NSG mice are reported to be less responsive to buprenorphine analgesia. Here, we used NSG mice to compare the efficacy of the commonly used dose of carprofen (5 mg/kg) with 5 and 10 times that dose (25 and 50...

Year Published: 2024Topics: AnalgesiaAnimal Type: Mouse, Rodent

Citation: Alamaw, E. D., Casey, K. M., Tien, K. et al. 2024. Carprofen attenuates postoperative mechanical and thermal hypersensitivity after plantar incision in immunodeficient NSG mice. Comparative Medicine 74(2), 105–114.