Rat

Activation of anterior pituitary, thyroid and adrenal glands in rats after disturbance stress

Cortisol levels increased within 5 minutes after the entry of an investigator - who moved the cages - and reached peak levels after 15 minutes.

Year Published: 1977Animal Type: Rat, Rodent

Citation: Dohler, K. D., Gartner, K., Muhlen, A. V. et al. 1977. Activation of anterior pituitary, thyroid and adrenal glands in rats after disturbance stress. Acta Endocrinologica 86, 489-497.

Burrows of wild and albino rats: Effects of domestication, outdoor raising, age, experience, and maternal state

Rats spend most of their time in burrows if given the choice.

Year Published: 1977Animal Type: Rat, Rodent

Citation: Boice, R. 1977. Burrows of wild and albino rats: Effects of domestication, outdoor raising, age, experience, and maternal state. Journal of Comparative and Physiological Psychology 91, 649-661.

Factors affecting the development of isolation-induced hypertension in rats

Housing rats in groups seems to be less stressful for the animals than housing them alone.

Year Published: 1978Animal Type: Rat, Rodent

Citation: Gardiner, S. M., Bennet, T. 1978. Factors affecting the development of isolation-induced hypertension in rats. Medical Biology 56, 277-281.

Genetics, Environment and Intelligence

Social grouping versus isolation aids subsequent learning and retention. ... Enriched-experienced rats perform better than colony - or impoverished-experience rats.

Year Published: 1977Animal Type: Rat, Rodent

Citation: Oliverio, A. 1977. Genetics, Environment and Intelligence. Elsevier, Amsterdam, Netherlands.

Effect of handling and forced immobilization on rat plasma levels of epinephrine, norepinephrine, and dopamine-beta-hydroxylase

Forced immobilization of rats triggers activation of adrenal-medullary discharge of ephinephrine (EPI) [ and adrenocortical secretion of cortisol] and sympathetic neuronal release of norepinephrine (NE). Plasma levels of EPI reach peak values, which are about 40-fold greater than undisturbed rats,...

Year Published: 1978Animal Type: Rat, Rodent

Citation: Kvetnansky, R., Sun, C. L., Lake, C. R. et al. 1978. Effect of handling and forced immobilization on rat plasma levels of epinephrine, norepinephrine, and dopamine-beta-hydroxylase. Endocrinology 103, 1868-1874.

Lighting in the animal environment

What we basically have done to date is to provide lighting suitable to our needs and assumed it was all right for the animal. [p. 441] Light intensities in stacked cages vary substantially.

Year Published: 1980Animal Type: Rat, Rodent

Citation: Bellhorn, R. W. 1980. Lighting in the animal environment. Laboratory Animal Science 30, 440-450.

Reversibility of reinforcement between eating and running by schedule changes: a comparison of hypotheses and models

Rats increase feeding time if wheel-running is contingent.

Year Published: 1979Animal Type: Rat, Rodent

Citation: Timberlake, W., Wozny, M. 1979. Reversibility of reinforcement between eating and running by schedule changes: a comparison of hypotheses and models. Animal Learning and Behavior 7, 461-469.

Discrimination of odours from stressed rats by non-stressed rats

Placing a rat into a new cage triggers release of corticosterones. This endocrine response is augmented if the new environment is one in which other rats had previously been subjected to stress.

Year Published: 1980Topics: Husbandry & ManagementAnimal Type: Rat, Rodent

Citation: Mackay-Sim, A., Laing, D. G. 1980. Discrimination of odours from stressed rats by non-stressed rats. Physiology and Behavior 24, 699-704.

Specific hormonal and neurochemical responses to different stressors

The neuroendocrine and neurochemical responses of rats to 5 min of cold exposure versus 5 min of forced immobilization were determined and compared. We found that plasma hormones and brain neurochemical systems responded differently to the two different stressors. Plasma...

Year Published: 1980Topics: RestraintAnimal Type: Rat, Rodent

Citation: Lenox, R. H., Kant, G. J., Sessions, G. R. et al. 1980. Specific hormonal and neurochemical responses to different stressors. Neuroendocrinology 30(5), 300-308.

Stress response of rats to handling and experimental procedures

Serum corticosterone levels increased significantly within four minutes, reached a peak at 15 minutes and were back to control values 60 minutes after cage displacement. Prolactin, TSH, LH and FSH serum concentrations were also affected by cage movement. The results...

Year Published: 1980Topics: HandlingAnimal Type: Rat, Rodent

Citation: Gartner, K., Buttner, D., Dohler, R. et al. 1980. Stress response of rats to handling and experimental procedures. Laboratory Animals 14, 267-274.