All/General

Toward a science of welfare for animals in the Zoo

Although the accredited institutions of the Association of Zoos and Aquariums have all committed to enhancing the welfare of nonhuman animals, acceptable standards and best practices are still under debate. Currently, experts from zoos and the field hold widely divergent...

Year Published: 2007Animal Type: All/General

Citation: Maple, T. L. 2007. Toward a science of welfare for animals in the Zoo. Journal of Applied Animal Welfare Science 10(1), 55-61.

Chapter 7.2. Injection and Blood Collection? How to minimize Stress Reactions

If the animals are under stress while you are working with them, there is a great risk that they show aggressive reactions to you, in an attempt to get away from the stressful situation. One of the conditions of successful...

Year Published: 2007Topics: Animal Training, Biological Sampling & Physiological MeasurementAnimal Type: All/General

Citation: LAREF [Laboratory Animal Refinement and Enrichment Forum] 2007. Chapter 7.2. Injection and Blood Collection?How to minimize Stress Reactions. In: Making Lives Easier for Animals in Research Labs: Discussions by the Laboratory Animal Refinement & Enrichment Forum. Baumans, V., Coke, C., Green, J., Moreau, E., Morton, D., Patterson-Kane, E., Reinhardt, A., Reinhardt, V., Van Loo, P. (eds), 117-124. Animal Welfare Institute, Washington, DC.

Chapter 3. Maladaptive behaviors

Animals kept in legally minimum-sized, unstructured enclosures very often exhibit stereotypical behaviors. Traditionally, these repetitive movement patterns without obvious goals or functions are categorized as abnormal. A healthy animal kept in a small, barren enclosure has little choice of expressing...

Year Published: 2007Topics: Abnormal/Problematic BehaviorAnimal Type: All/General

Citation: LAREF [Laboratory Animal Refinement and Enrichment Forum] 2007. Chapter 3. Maladaptive behaviors. In: Making Lives Easier for Animals in Research Labs: Discussions by the Laboratory Animal Refinement & Enrichment Forum. Baumans, V., Coke, C., Green, J., Moreau, E., Morton, D., Patterson-Kane, E., Reinhardt, A., Reinhardt, V., Van Loo, P. (eds), 39-45. Animal Welfare Institute, Washington, DC.

Sources of stress in captivity

Animals housed in artificial habitats are confronted by a wide range of potentially provocative environmental challenges. In this article, we review many of the potential stressors that may adversely affect animals living in captivity. These include abiotic, environmental sources of...

Year Published: 2007Animal Type: All/General

Citation: Morgan, K. N., Tromborg, C. T. 2007. Sources of stress in captivity . Applied Animal Welfare Science 102(3-4), 262-302.

Standards for the rearing environment of laboratory animals in the United States

Year Published: 2008Animal Type: All/General

Citation: Bayne, K. 2008. Standards for the rearing environment of laboratory animals in the United States. AATEX (Alternatives to Animal Testing and Experimentation) 14(Special Issue), 47-50.

Animal experimentation: Weighing the benefits against the suffering

Scientists all-too-often seem to get away with the promise that some day, somehow, somewhere, their work will contribute to the solving of one or more of the grave problems of the day, such as cancer or dementia.

Year Published: 2008Animal Type: All/General

Citation: Balls, M. 2008. Animal experimentation: Weighing the benefits against the suffering. ATLA (Alternatives to Laboratory Animals) 36, 615-618.

Are investigators aware of environmental noise in animal facilities and that this noise may affect experimental data?

Control of environmental factors, such as noise, in animal facilities is important to ensure that research animals respond consistently to experimental procedures and that experimental results are not confounded by outside influences. A survey of personnel involved with animal facilities...

Year Published: 2007Animal Type: All/General

Citation: Baldwin, A. L., Schwartz, G. E., Hopp, D. H. 2007. Are investigators aware of environmental noise in animal facilities and that this noise may affect experimental data? Journal of the American Association for Laboratory Animal Science [Contemporary Topics in Laboratory Animal Science] 46(1), 45-51.

Animal enrichment and socialization in an indoor research facility

Based on our experience, a broadly applied environmental enrichment program .. improves the welfare of the research animals, the quality of the research environment, and job satisfaction for employees.

Year Published: 2008Topics: Environmental EnrichmentAnimal Type: All/General

Citation: Jeans, G. L., Corcoran, K. D., Wheatley, J. L. et al. 2008. Animal enrichment and socialization in an indoor research facility. American Association for Laboratory Animal Science [AALAS] Meeting Official Program, 91 (Abstract).

Transforming environmental health protection

The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), the National Toxicology Program (NTP) and the National Institutes of Health (NIH) have signed a Memorandum of Understanding to promote the evolution of toxicology from a perdominantly observational science at the level of disease-specific models...

Year Published: 2008Animal Type: All/General

Citation: Collins, F. S., Gray, G. M., Bucher, J. R. 2008. Transforming environmental health protection. Science 319(5865), 906-907.

Estimates for worldwide laboratory animal use in 2005

Animal experimentation continues to generate public and political concern worldwide. Relatively few countries collate and publish animal use statistics, yet this is a first and essential step toward public accountability and an informed debate, as well as being important for...

Year Published: 2008Animal Type: All/General

Citation: Taylor, K., Gordon, N., Langley, G. et al. 2008. Estimates for worldwide laboratory animal use in 2005. Alternatives to Laboratory Animals [ATLA] 36, 327-342.