Social Housing & Companionship

Long-term effect of inanimate environmental enrichment on young rhesus monkeys

Inanimate environmental enrichment may not be as effective for socially-housed rhesus monkeys as it is for singly-housed rhesus.

Year Published: 1995Topics: Environmental Enrichment, Social Housing & CompanionshipAnimal Type: Macaque, Nonhuman Primate

Citation: Schapiro, S. J., Bloomsmith, M. A., Suarez, S. A. et al. 1995. Long-term effect of inanimate environmental enrichment on young rhesus monkeys. American Journal of Primatology 36, 154 (Abstract).

Maternal behavior of primiparous rhesus monkeys: Effects of limited social restriction and inanimate environmental enrichment

Whereas these enhancements may lead to increased species-typical behavior under certain conditions, evidence from our program suggests that the types of inanimate enhancements we utilized have little effect on the behavior of group-housed rhesus. Our interpretation has been that the...

Year Published: 1995Topics: Environmental Enrichment, Social Housing & CompanionshipAnimal Type: Macaque, Nonhuman Primate

Citation: Schapiro, S. J., Bloomsmith, M. A., Suarez, S. A. et al. 1995. Maternal behavior of primiparous rhesus monkeys: Effects of limited social restriction and inanimate environmental enrichment. Applied Animal Behaviour Science 45, 139-149.

Social housing of previously single-caged macaques: What are the options and the risks? Animal Welfare 4(4), 307-328

A review of the scientific literature gives evidence that transferring previously single-caged adult macaques to permanent compatible pair-housing arrangements (isosexual pairs, adult/infant pairs) is associated with less risk of injury and morbidity than transferring them to permanent group-housing arrangements. Juvenile...

Year Published: 1995Topics: Social Housing & CompanionshipAnimal Type: Macaque, Nonhuman Primate

Citation: Reinhardt, V., Liss, C., Stevens, C. 1995. Social housing of previously single-caged macaques: What are the options and the risks? Animal Welfare 4(4), 307-328 .

Effects of physical and social environmental enrichment on the behavior of juvenile chimpanzees

No behavioral differences (interaction with physical environment, locomotion, rocking) were found between pair-housed and single-housed animals.

Year Published: 1996Topics: Environmental Enrichment, Social Housing & CompanionshipAnimal Type: Chimpanzee, Nonhuman Primate

Citation: Landon, K., Erwin, J. 1996. Effects of physical and social environmental enrichment on the behavior of juvenile chimpanzees. Proceedings of the Congress of the International Primatological Society and Conference of the American Society of Primatologists, 680 (Abstract).

Primate housing facilities for pharmaceutical research in Switzerland (an example)

According to the Swiss Animal Welfare Legislation, the minimal enclosure area for macaques of the size of rhesus or cynomolgus monkeys for experimental purposes is 15 cubic meters. In such an enclosure up to 5 adult animals may be kept...

Year Published: 1997Topics: Environmental Enrichment, Housing, Social Housing & CompanionshipAnimal Type: Macaque, Nonhuman Primate

Citation: Burge, T., Panoussis, B., Weber, H. 1997. Primate housing facilities for pharmaceutical research in Switzerland (an example). Primate Report 49, 19-22.

Effects of social and inanimate enrichment of the behavior of yearling rhesus monkeys

Certain types of inanimate environmental enrichment have been shown to positively affect the behavior of laboratory primates, as has housing them in appropriate social conditions. While social housing is generally advocated as an important environmental enhancement, few studies have attempted...

Year Published: 1996Topics: Environmental Enrichment, Social Housing & CompanionshipAnimal Type: Macaque, Nonhuman Primate

Citation: Schapiro SJ, Bloomsmith MA, Suarez SA, et al. 1996. Effects of social and inanimate enrichment of the behavior of yearling rhesus monkeys. Am J Primatol. 40;247-260.

Enrichment effects on rhesus monkeys successively housed singly, in pairs, and in groups

Subjects were more socially oriented when pair-housed than when living in small groups. Inanimate enrichment did not affect behavior ... although enhancements were well-used by singly-caged yearlings and pair-housed juveniles. Subjects used enrichment less frequently when housed in groups. The...

Year Published: 1996Topics: Environmental Enrichment, Social Housing & CompanionshipAnimal Type: Macaque, Nonhuman Primate

Citation: Schapiro, S. J., Bloomsmith, M. A., Porter, L. M. et al. 1996. Enrichment effects on rhesus monkeys successively housed singly, in pairs, and in groups. Applied Animal Behaviour Science 48, 158-172.

Considerations for the housing and handling of New World primates in the laboratory

Caretakers should seek knowledge of the natural lifestyles of the primates in their charge, and attempt to reproduce in the captive environment the salient aspects of the natural habitats that are biologically relevant to the animals. The aim of this...

Year Published: 1997Topics: Environmental Enrichment, Handling, Housing, Husbandry & Management, Social Housing & CompanionshipAnimal Type: Capuchin, Marmoset, Nonhuman Primate, Other Nonhuman Primate, Squirrel Monkey

Citation: Buchanan-Smith, H. M. 1997. Considerations for the housing and handling of New World primates in the laboratory. In: Comfortable Quarters for Laboratory Animals, Eighth Edition. Reinhardt, V. (ed), 75-84. Animal Welfare Institute: Washington, DC.

Group housing for male New Zealand White rabbits

Establishing a group of 5 castrated male rabbits resulted in all but one rabbit suffering some kind of minor injury during a major conflict on day 6. Housing the two older animals together as a pair and the three younger...

Year Published: 1997Topics: Social Housing & CompanionshipAnimal Type: Rabbit

Citation: Raje, S. S., Stewart, K. L. 1997. Group housing for male New Zealand White rabbits. Lab Animal 26(4), 36-37.

Grooming-contact bars provide social contact for individually caged laboratory primates

We investigated pair housing of adult long-tailed macaques (Macaca fascicularis) by using widely spaced, vertical "grooming-contact" (G-C) bars that allow physical contact but prevent pursuit by one animal into the other's cage. Cages with G-C bars provide several potential advantages...

Year Published: 1997Topics: Social Housing & CompanionshipAnimal Type: Macaque, Nonhuman Primate

Citation: Crockett, C. M., Bellanca, R. U., Bowers, C. L. et al. 1997. Grooming-contact bars provide social contact for individually caged laboratory primates. Contemporary Topics in Laboratory Animal Science 36(6), 53-60.