Regulations & Ethical Review

Animal research, accountability, openness and public engagement: Report from an international expert forum

In November 2013, a group of international experts in animal research policy (n = 11) gathered in Vancouver, Canada, to discuss openness and accountability in animal research. The primary objective was to bring together participants from various jurisdictions (United States,...

Year Published: 2019Topics: Regulations & Ethical ReviewAnimal Type: All/General

Citation: Ormandy, E. H., Weary, D. M., Cvek, K. et al. 2019. Animal research, accountability, openness and public engagement: Report from an international expert forum. Animals 9(9), 622.

The 3Rs and humane experimental technique: Implementing change

In 1959, the Universities Federation for Animal Welfare (UFAW) Scholars Russell & Burch published the Principles of Humane Experimental Technique in which they laid out the principles of the Three Rs. However, the Three Rs owed much to others. It...

Year Published: 2019Topics: Regulations & Ethical ReviewAnimal Type: All/General

Citation: Hubrecht, R. C., Carter, E. 2019. The 3Rs and humane experimental technique: Implementing change. Animals 9(10), 754.

Preventing adverse events at research facilities

In this article, adverse events are defined as events that lead to significant injury or illness, unrelieved pain or distress, or the death of an animal, excluding those caused by IACUC-approved research procedures. The ability to identify possible adverse events...

Year Published: 2018Topics: Regulations & Ethical ReviewAnimal Type: All/General

Citation: Koch V. W. 2018. Preventing adverse events at research facilities. JAALAS 57(6), 660–669.

Efforts to ban the routine tail docking of pigs and to give pigs enrichment materials via EU Law: Where do we stand a quarter of a century on?

In its role as guardian of the Treaties, the European Commission must ensure that Member States enforce EU law within their territories. If adequate enforcement is found to be wanting, the Commission also has the power to take infringement procedures...

Year Published: 2019Topics: Regulations & Ethical ReviewAnimal Type: Pig

Citation: Nalon, E., De Briyne, N. 2019. Efforts to ban the routine tail docking of pigs and to give pigs enrichment materials via EU Law: Where do we stand a quarter of a century on? Animals 9(4), 132.

Emotions and ethical decision-making in animal ethics committees

Ethical evaluation of projects involving animal testing is mandatory within the EU and other countries. However, the evaluation process has been subject to criticism, e.g., that the committees are not balanced or democratic enough and that the utilitarian weighting of...

Year Published: 2018Topics: Regulations & Ethical ReviewAnimal Type: All/General

Citation: Tjärnström, E., Weber, E. M., Hultgren, J. et al. 2018. Emotions and ethical decision-making in animal ethics committees. Animals 8(10), 181.

A case study of statistics in the regulatory process: The FD&C Red No

Year Published: 1981Topics: Regulations & Ethical ReviewAnimal Type: Mouse, Rodent

Citation: Lagakos, S., Mosteller, F. 1981. A case study of statistics in the regulatory process: The FD&C Red No. 40 experiments. Journal of the National Cancer Institute 66, 381-399.

Ethical guidelines for investigations of experimental pain in conscious animals

Investigators ... should accept a general attitude in which the animal is regarded not as an object for exploitation, but as a living individual [p. 109].

Year Published: 1983Topics: Emotion, Pain, & Sentience, Regulations & Ethical ReviewAnimal Type: All/General

Citation: Zimmermann, M. 1983. Ethical guidelines for investigations of experimental pain in conscious animals. Pain 16, 109-110.

Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals, 6th Edition

Good husbandry minimizes variations that can modify an animal's response to experimentation [p. 11]] ...Lighting should be uniformly diffused throughout animal facilities to provide sufficient illumination to aid in maintaining good houskeeping practices, adequate inspection of animals, safe working conditions...

Year Published: 1985Topics: Regulations & Ethical ReviewAnimal Type: All/General

Citation: National Research Council. 1985. Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals, 6th Edition. National Institutes of Health: Bethesda, MD.

Psychological well-being of primates in captivity

Recent amendments to the Animal Welfare Act will, upon taking effect, require that researchers who maintain nonhuman primates in captivity house their animals in such a way as to “promote their psychological well-being.” Unfortunately, no consensus presently exists in terms...

Year Published: 1989Topics: Regulations & Ethical ReviewAnimal Type: Baboon, Capuchin, Chimpanzee, Lemur, Macaque, Marmoset, Nonhuman Primate, Other Nonhuman Primate, Owl Monkey, Squirrel Monkey, Vervet (African Green Monkey)

Citation: Novak, M. A., Suomi, S. J. 1989. Psychological well-being of primates in captivity. ILAR Journal 31(3), 5-15.

The 1985 animal welfare act amendments

It is only common sense, for instance, that an animal will not respond normally if it is stressed or undernourished. ... Because the validity of research results is so dependent on the health of research animals, the future of science...

Year Published: 1991Topics: Regulations & Ethical ReviewAnimal Type: All/General

Citation: Schwindaman, D. 1991. The 1985 animal welfare act amendments. In: Through the Looking Glass. Issues of Psychological Well-Being in Captive Nonhuman Primates. Novak, M. A. , Petto, A. J. (eds), 26-32. American Psychological Association, Washington, DC.