Environmental Enrichment

Gorilla treats served poolside

Initially, [Rocky, the gorilla], was hesitant and seemed a bit irritated at this presentation of food [floating on the pool's surface], but eventually he waded into the water and retrieved the treats. Rocky will now wade into the pool when...

Year Published: 1997Topics: Environmental EnrichmentAnimal Type: Nonhuman Primate, Other Nonhuman Primate

Citation: Rademacher, A. 1997. Gorilla treats served poolside. The Shape of Enrichment 6(3), 11.

Videostimulation as enrichment for captive rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta)

The animals spent substantially more time watching selected videotapes than manipulating the joystick; females were more interested in both than males.

Year Published: 1997Topics: Environmental EnrichmentAnimal Type: Macaque, Nonhuman Primate

Citation: Platt, D. M., Novak, M. A. 1997. Videostimulation as enrichment for captive rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta). Applied Animal Behaviour Science 52, 139-155.

Olfactory enrichment for captive chimpanzees: Response to different odors

Various odors (e.g., vanilla, peach, garlic, cheese, smoke) were put onto pieces of cloth fleece and presented to group-housed subjects. This did not elicit more interest from the chimpanzees than when no odors were present.

Year Published: 1997Topics: Environmental EnrichmentAnimal Type: Chimpanzee, Nonhuman Primate

Citation: Ostrower, S., Brent, L. 1997. Olfactory enrichment for captive chimpanzees: Response to different odors. Laboratory Primate Newsletter 36(1), 8-10.

Chimpanzee enrichment at the Baltimore Zoo’s chimpanzee forest

A species appropriate enrichment program for chimpanzees is briefly described.

Year Published: 1997Topics: Environmental EnrichmentAnimal Type: Chimpanzee, Nonhuman Primate

Citation: Oliva-Purdy, J. 1997. Chimpanzee enrichment at the Baltimore Zoo's chimpanzee forest. The Shape of Enrichment 6(1), 4-5.

Expand the space for lion-tailed macaques

The milk crates, barrel, and tires provide more useable space for sitting, climbing, or foraging when they are mounted on walls or hung from the ceiling.

Year Published: 1997Topics: Environmental Enrichment, HousingAnimal Type: Macaque, Nonhuman Primate

Citation: Nelson, D. 1997. Expand the space for lion-tailed macaques. The Shape of Enrichment 6(3), 6.

Effects of environmental enrichment devices on the behavior of socially housed Macaca nemestrina [Indonesian text and summary]

As expected, the animals housed under captive conditions used the device more than the wild group did. ... In both groups, the greatest interest centered on devices with food.

Year Published: 1997Topics: Environmental EnrichmentAnimal Type: Macaque, Nonhuman Primate

Citation: Murakami, T., Kyes, R. C., Lelana, R. P. A. 1997. Effects of environmental enrichment devices on the behavior of socially housed Macaca nemestrina [Indonesian text and summary] . Jurnal Primatologi Indonesia 1, 22-26.

Measuring the value of enrichment for behaviorally healthy zoo chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes)

Enrichment efforts can be worthwhile even in already enriched environments.

Year Published: 1997Topics: Environmental EnrichmentAnimal Type: Chimpanzee, Nonhuman Primate

Citation: McKenzie, B. A., Markowitz, H. 1997. Measuring the value of enrichment for behaviorally healthy zoo chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes). American Journal of Primatology 42, 133 (Abstract).

Utilizing outdoor plantings for behavioral enrichment

In the past nine years, the plants have successfully grown to cover much of the surface of the exhibit area. ... We noted that pumpkin plants were one of the most favorite plants. ... In addition to eating the plants,...

Year Published: 1997Topics: Environmental EnrichmentAnimal Type: Chimpanzee, Nonhuman Primate

Citation: Roberts, B. 1997. Utilizing outdoor plantings for behavioral enrichment. ChimpanZoo Conference Proceedings, 59-61.

Effective feeding enrichment for non-human primates: A brief review

There is a growing awareness that non-human primates kept in zoos and laboratories deserve more species-appropriate stimulation because of their biological adaptation to a challenging environment. Numerous attempts have been made to effectively emulate the gathering and processing aspects of...

Year Published: 1997Topics: Environmental EnrichmentAnimal Type: Baboon, Capuchin, Chimpanzee, Lemur, Macaque, Marmoset, Nonhuman Primate, Other Nonhuman Primate, Owl Monkey, Squirrel Monkey, Vervet (African Green Monkey)

Citation: Reinhardt, V., Roberts, A. 1997. Effective feeding enrichment for non-human primates: A brief review. Animal Welfare 6(3), 265-272.

Species-adequate housing and handling conditions for Old World nonhuman primates kept in research institutions

Practical recommendations to address five basic characteristics of Old World primates in the laboratory setting: a) social disposition, b) semi-arboreal lifestyle, c) complex living environment, d) intelligence, e) sensitivity to distress.

Year Published: 1997Topics: Animal Training, Environmental Enrichment, Housing, Social Housing & CompanionshipAnimal Type: Baboon, Macaque, Nonhuman Primate, Other Nonhuman Primate

Citation: Reinhardt, V. 1997. Species-adequate housing and handling conditions for Old World nonhuman primates kept in research institutions. In: Comfortable Quarters for Laboratory Animals, Eighth Edition. Reinhardt, V. (ed), 85-93. Animal Welfare Institute, Washington, DC.