Update on current hormonal and non-hormonal contraceptive options in non-human primates (2024)

Nederlof, R. A., Bruins-van Sonsbeek, L. G. R., Stumpel, J. B. G. et al.

Abstract

Reproductive success in captive non-human primates (NHPs) has increased the demand for safe, effective, and reversible population control methods. This review provides an overview of the current literature on hormonal and non-hormonal contraceptives as reproductive control methods in NHPs. Where available, behavioral and welfare implications, as well as drug efficacy, reversibility, and associated adverse effects, are considered. However, a paucity of data exists for NHPs, particularly in regard to non-hormonal contraceptives, emphasizing the need for institutions to share their experiences with reproductive management techniques in the species under their care.