Refinement benefits animal welfare and quality of science (2006)

Ritskes-Hoitinga, M., Jegstrup, I. M.

Abstract

In this article I present several examples of how Refinement of procedures and holistic Refinement can improve the welfare of laboratory animals and, at the same time, provide better-quality experimental results. Refinement techniques aim to minimise any pain, suffering or distress in amimals, for example, use of anaesthesia and post-operative analgesia in order to minimise any pain and distress caused by surgical procedures.