Environmental enrichment for birds (1995)

Nicol, C. J.

Abstract

The greatest risk of physical injury will occur if birds become frightened and attempt to escape from their cages, either during catching procedures or simply when disturbed by human presence. It is therefore important to allow sufficient space for running and wing flapping to maintain bone strength. .. This freedom must be coupled with the provision of a small, safe catching area. Birds can often be enticed into such areas if they are well lit whilst the rest of the room is temporarily darkened. .. Operant feeders, where a button must be pecked to release food, may occupy solitary birds, but cannot be recommended for group-housed birds as they may not allow birds to feed simultaneously and hence could result in increased competition and risk of feather pecking. .. Laying hens are willing to 'pay a cost' to obtain their food by foraging in litter, rather than eat readily available food from a dish. .. Allow sufficient space for running or flying activity, and consider of increasing the value of the space [installation of perches] available.