Enrichment in puppyhood and its effects on later behavior of dogs (1995)

Hubrecht, R. C.

Abstract

Current dog housing typically consists of barren pens with little or no cage furniture or attempt to enrich the environment. Inanimate enrichment [chewable toys] and social enrichment [one each weekday, a technician spent 2 min in the pen, then picked up each pup and petted it for 30 sec] did not have any measurable effect on the development of stereotypes, but 11 months after enrichment, dogs given increased human socialization were slightly more approachable.