Customizing an environmental enrichment program for captive chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) at the Primate Foundation of Arizona (2003)

Howell, S., Schwant, M., Fritz, J. et al.

Abstract

This study considers the effects of age, sex, rearing, and group composition on the use of enrichments. .. Subjects included 75 socially-housed captive chimpanzees (40 females, 35 males). .. Results suggest age, sex, and social group composition all had a significant effect on the use of particular cage furnishings and environmental enrichment items. Middle and Older aged adults used stationary furnishings (benches) more than younger animals and all-female groups used the stationary furnishings more than all-male groups. Females housed in all-female and mixed-sex groups used bedding (straw, shredded paper) and cardboard/paper items more than males. Males used feeding enrichments (ice treats, 'peanut butter bombs') more than females. Further, subjects housed in all-male or mixed-groups used feeding enrichments more than subjects housed in all-female groups.