Captive chimpanzee social group formation (2001)

Fritz, J. , Howell, S. M.

Abstract

Forming new social groups of captive chimpanzees requires appropriate facilities, a knowledgeable staff, planning, and careful observations. A well-tested socialization system is reviewed which includes a gradual acclimation of unfamiliar chimpanzees and introductions in a controlled setting. The process has been used to form hundreds of different social groups without serious injuries.... Most of our 35 males live in one of seven all-male groups. While there is considerable potential for male-male aggression among adults, we have found males to be quite social and, in most cases, able to live compatibly with other males. We developed this social group strategy to provide males with increased opportunities to form strong social bonds with other males as is common among wild chimpanzees and as a management technique to prevent pregnancy. The authors share extremely valuable first-hand experiences and outline practical recommendations for the careful establishment of new social units without undue risk of stress, distress and injury.