Agonistic behavior and social organization in a herd of goats as affected by the introduction of non-members (1982)

Addison, W. E., Baker, E.

Abstract

The social structure was generally disrupted by the introduction of the two non-members [one female, one billy goat], resulting in significant increases in ... agonistic behavior. There was a notable lack of aggression between the male non-member and the dominant male of the resident herd, probably because the study period did not coincide with the mating season.