A vocabulary of abnormal behaviors in restrictively reared chimpanzees (1982)

Walsh, S., Bramblett, C. A., Alford, P. L.

Abstract

Behavioral disorders of chimpanzees are listed and clearly described. Even relatively complex laboratory environments, in the absence of opportunity for interaction with conspecifics, disrupt and seriously damage psychological processes in the chimpanzee. ..Chimpanzees that exhibit the more severe behavioral pathologies describe in this vocabulary [includes 'hair pulling: pulling out won or another animal's hair'] may be incapable of successful reproduction and rearing of offspring].