3D-printable non-invasive head immobilization system for non-human primates (2026)

Shahbazi, E., Nguyen, D., Swedan, T. et al.

Abstract

Background: Efficient head fixation is critical in primate behavioral experiments for accurate eye tracking and neural studies. Existing methods risk infection and bone necrosis due to their invasive nature. New method: We propose a custom-designed, 3D-printed non-invasive head immobilization system (NHIS) for macaques based on precise CT/MRI scans and integrated with our specialized software, FLoRIN, and Blender 3D. This NHIS is tailored for straightforward manufacturing and personalization and accommodates the necessary experimental equipment. Results: This innovative NHIS ensures reliable head stabilization while significantly reducing invasive procedure risks. The design simplifies the setup process, curtails infection risk, mitigates bone damage, and increases comfort for subjects. Comparison with existing method(s) Our NHIS surpasses previous invasive and non-invasive methods by removing the need for surgical implantation, extensive training, and discomfort. It is designed for ease of adjustment and fitting without sedation, enhancing adaptability and animal welfare. Conclusions: The NHIS signifies a significant advancement in non-invasive primate head fixation, providing a customizable, less invasive, and more reliable solution for research. Its potential for widespread adoption in diverse research scenarios promises to improve the subject well-being and the quality of data collected.