Pig

Food restriction as a cause of stereotypic behaviour in tethered gilts

Food restriction can be a cause of stereotypic behaviors in pigs. The implication is that animals given small amounts of food should not be closely confined and that confined animals should not be deprived of food.

Year Published: 1987Animal Type: Pig

Citation: Appleby, M. C., Lawrence, A. B. 1987. Food restriction as a cause of stereotypic behaviour in tethered gilts. Animal Production 45, 103-110.

Environmental enrichment for confinement pigs

Pigs have definite toy preferences. If a ball rolls into the manure they will no longer play with it. This is why we used suspended from the ceiling. Then the young pigs are given a choice between hanging chains, cloth...

Year Published: 1988Topics: Environmental EnrichmentAnimal Type: Pig

Citation: Grandin, T. 1988. Environmental enrichment for confinement pigs. Livestock Handling Committee Proceedings of the 1988 Annual Meeting, Kansas City, Missouri.

Measuring hunger in the pig using operant conditioning: The effect of food restriction

Using operant methods, it was demonstrated that boars fed at maintenance levels may be constantly hungry. The hunger resulting from low food levels may act as a major source of stress under certain husbandry conditions such as tether and stall...

Year Published: 1988Animal Type: Pig

Citation: Lawrence, A. B., Appleby, M. C., Macleod, H. A. 1988. Measuring hunger in the pig using operant conditioning: The effect of food restriction. Animal Production 47, 131-137.

Enrichment of the production environment and the enhancement of welfare through the use of the Edinburgh Family Pen System of pig production

Pigs in family pens [four sows with offspring in four pens each furnished with nest area, activity area, peat area, connecting faeces corridors, a familiar mature boar joining the group for a period from day 14 to day 56] exhibited...

Year Published: 1988Animal Type: Pig

Citation: Kerr, S. G. C., Wood-Gush, D. G. M., Moser, H. et al. 1988. Enrichment of the production environment and the enhancement of welfare through the use of the Edinburgh Family Pen System of pig production. Research and Development in Agriculture 5, 171-186.

Environmental enrichment for pigs: Differences in somatosensory cortical neurons and subsequent behaviour

Pigs raised in a windowless building with hanging rubber hose toys and weekly petting were less excitable compared to pigs raised with no extra environmental stimulation. Pigs exposed to an enriched environment approached novel objects more quickly than animals raised...

Year Published: 1988Topics: Environmental EnrichmentAnimal Type: Pig

Citation: Grandin, T., Curtis, S. E., Greenough, W. T. 1988. Environmental enrichment for pigs: Differences in somatosensory cortical neurons and subsequent behaviour. Proceedings of the VIth International Congress on Animal Hygiene 2, 692-695.

Neighbour effects and the stress of tethering in sows

Repetitive behaviour of newly tethered gilts correlated positively with that of their neighbours. .. The data suggested that behaviour of neighbours was not just being copied, but itself produced stress, and it seems likely that the noise of chain chewing...

Year Published: 1988Animal Type: Pig

Citation: Appleby, M. C., Lawrence, A. B. 1988. Neighbour effects and the stress of tethering in sows. Applied Animal Behaviour Science 21, 366-367 (Abstract).

Effect of earth as an additional stimulus on the behaviour of confined piglets

Access to soil resulted in a reduction of ear- and tail-chewing.

Year Published: 1988Animal Type: Pig

Citation: Appleby, M. C., Wood-Gush, D. G. M. 1988. Effect of earth as an additional stimulus on the behaviour of confined piglets. Behavioural Processes 17, 83-91.

The influence of pleasant and unpleasant handling and the provision of toys on the growth of male pigs

Provision of toys [chains, tyres, bars] .. is suggested to have improved the welfare of the [group-housed] pigs by reducing their fear of humans, irrespective of the type of handling.

Year Published: 1989Animal Type: Pig

Citation: Pearce, G. P., Paterson, A. M., Pearce, A. N. 1989. The influence of pleasant and unpleasant handling and the provision of toys on the growth of male pigs. Applied Animal Behaviour Science 23, 27-37.

Effect of naltrexone on relaxation influenced by flank pressure in pigs

Pressure on the side of a pig's body will cause the animal to relax.

Year Published: 1989Animal Type: Pig

Citation: Grandin, T., Dodman, N., Shuster, L. 1989. Effect of naltrexone on relaxation influenced by flank pressure in pigs. Pharmacology, Biochemistry and Behavior 33, 839-842.

Behavioral principles of livestock handling

Reducing stress during handling will improve productivity and prevent physiological changes that could confound research results or lower productivity. Handling stresses lower conception rates and reduces both immune and rumen function. Handlers who understand livestock behavior can reduce stress. Livestock...

Year Published: 1989Animal Type: Cattle, Pig, Sheep

Citation: Grandin, T. 1989. Behavioral principles of livestock handling. Professional Animal Scientist 5(2), 1-11.