Nonhuman Primate

A review of environmental enrichment strategies for singly-caged nonhuman primates

Comprehensive literature review dealing with the following topics: a) Group housing versus single housing; b) Enrichment strategies using inanimate objects; c) Socialization with conspecifics; d) Role of animal care staff.

Year Published: 1989Topics: Environmental Enrichment, Human-Animal Interaction, Social Housing & CompanionshipAnimal Type: Baboon, Capuchin, Chimpanzee, Lemur, Macaque, Marmoset, Nonhuman Primate, Other Nonhuman Primate, Owl Monkey, Squirrel Monkey, Vervet (African Green Monkey)

Citation: Fajzi, K., Reinhardt, V., Smith, M. D. 1989. A review of environmental enrichment strategies for singly-caged nonhuman primates. Lab Animal 18(2), 23-35.

The genus Macaca: A review of taxonomy and evolution

Summary of body measurements of the different species.

Year Published: 1989Animal Type: Macaque, Nonhuman Primate

Citation: Fa, M. 1989. The genus Macaca: A review of taxonomy and evolution. Mammal Review 19, 45-81.

Influence of people on the behavior of display primates

The aim of captive primates establishments must be to continue to explore ways to minimize the adverse consequences of primate-human contact.

Year Published: 1989Animal Type: Nonhuman Primate, Other Nonhuman Primate

Citation: Fa, J. E. 1989. Influence of people on the behavior of display primates. In: Housing, Care and Psychological Wellbeing of Captive and Laboratory Primates. Segal, E. F. (ed), 270-289. Noyes Publications, Park Ridge, NJ.

Methods to evaluate the well-being of laboratory primates

Single-caged long-tailed macaques took on average 8.7 seconds, paired tamarins took on average 15 seconds to retrieve one raisin from the pickup board [miniature ice cube tray attached to front of cage]. Experienced macaques emptied the commercial puzzle filled with...

Year Published: 1989Animal Type: Macaque, Nonhuman Primate

Citation: Evans, H. L., Taylor, J. D., Ernst, J. et al. 1989. Methods to evaluate the well-being of laboratory primates. Comparison of macaques and tamarins. Laboratory Animal Science 39, 318-323.

Food sharing and reciprocal obligations among chimpanzees

Food sharing has been proposed as the propeller of hominid evolution, particularly of the development of systems of mutual social obligation. Yet, food sharing in our closest relative has never been subjected to a rigorous analysis of reciprocity. Provisioning of...

Year Published: 1989Topics: Natural BehaviorAnimal Type: Chimpanzee, Nonhuman Primate

Citation: de Waal, F. B. M. 1989. Food sharing and reciprocal obligations among chimpanzees. Journal of Human Evolution 18(5), 433-459.

An inexpensive, climate-controlled enclosure for gibbons utilizing appropriate technology

A gibbon-adequate enclosure design is outlined. After 25 training sessions the female reliably entered the tunnel within 15 sec after the guillotine door was raised. She usually urinated within 30 min of entering the tunnel, whereupon the urine pan was...

Year Published: 1989Animal Type: Gibbon, Nonhuman Primate

Citation: Dahl, J. F. 1989. An inexpensive, climate-controlled enclosure for gibbons utilizing appropriate technology. In: Housing, Care and Psychological Wellbeing of Captive and Laboratory Primates. Segal, E. F. (ed), 323-336. Noyes Publications, Park Ridge, NJ.

Inexpensive outdoor enclosure for Japanese macaques used in biobehavioral research

We effectively and humanely enclosed nine Japanese macaques in an ellipse 32 x 40m, with a 1 m high chain-link fence surmounted by a 3 m curtain of electrically conductive nylon net. High-voltage brief-pulse charges prevent climbing on the net....

Year Published: 1989Animal Type: Macaque, Nonhuman Primate

Citation: Crowley, T. J., Goebel, A., Nesbitt, T. 1989. Inexpensive outdoor enclosure for Japanese macaques used in biobehavioral research. Laboratory Animal Science 39(5), 420-424.

Serum hormone levels in pregnant cynomolgus monkeys

Monkeys were trained to present their arms through the bars of the cage to the technician who then draws blood from a vein without difficulty. [Training technique is not described.]

Year Published: 1989Animal Type: Macaque, Nonhuman Primate

Citation: Hein, P. R., Schatorje, J. S., Frencken, H. J. et al. 1989. Serum hormone levels in pregnant cynomolgus monkeys. Journal of Medical Primatology 18, 133-142.

Kong toys as enrichment devices for singly-caged macaques

Providing objects such as Kong toys to macaques in single-animal housing with little or no opportunity for manipulation is mildly enriching to some of the monkeys. Periodically removing and reintroducing the toys would increase their enrichment value.

Year Published: 1989Animal Type: Macaque, Nonhuman Primate

Citation: Crockett, C. M., Bielitzki, J. T., Carey, A. et al. 1989. Kong toys as enrichment devices for singly-caged macaques. Laboratory Primate Newsletter 28(2), 21-22.

The training of cynomolgus monkeys and how the human/animal relationship improves with environmental and mental enrichment

This paper will attempt to show the marked improvement in behaviour of a small group of female cynomolgus monkeys, after a period of routine training and human interaction. A relatively short, but predictable, course of routine handling and feeding enabled...

Year Published: 1989Topics: Animal Training, Human-Animal InteractionAnimal Type: Macaque, Nonhuman Primate

Citation: Heath, M. 1989. The training of cynomolgus monkeys and how the human/animal relationship improves with environmental and mental enrichment. Animal Technology 40(1), 11-22.