Nonhuman Primate

Affiliative behaviors of group housed rhesus macaques are altered by positive reinforcement training

Positive reinforcement training may be an effective tool for manipulating affiliative behaviors in rhesus macaques. Such manipulations may have important applications.

Year Published: 1999Animal Type: Macaque, Nonhuman Primate

Citation: Perlman, J. E., Boudreau, B. A., Schapiro, S. J. 1999. Affiliative behaviors of group housed rhesus macaques are altered by positive reinforcement training. American Journal of Primatology 49, 86.

Environmental Enrichment for Nonhuman Primates Resource Guide: January 1992 – February 1999

This publication updates and expands Environmental Enrichment Information Resources for Nonhuman Primates: 1987-1992. It is current through March 1999 and covers literature published since January 1992. ... This expanded version of the 1992 document contains the full text of relevant...

Year Published: 1999Topics: Environmental EnrichmentAnimal Type: Nonhuman Primate

Citation: Kreger, M. D. 1999. Environmental Enrichment for Nonhuman Primates Resource Guide: January 1992 - February 1999. Animal Welfare Information Center, Beltsville, MD.

Effects of separation and novelty on distress vocalizations and cortisol in the common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus)

In socially-bonding species, separation from familiar attachment figures is widely known to stimulate a physiological and behavioral stress response. This study investigated the hormonal and vocal responses of adult common marmosets to separation from familiar group members and to 24...

Year Published: 1999Animal Type: Marmoset, Nonhuman Primate

Citation: Norcross, J. L., Newman, J. D. 1999. Effects of separation and novelty on distress vocalizations and cortisol in the common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus). American Journal of Primatology 47(3), 209-222.

Behavioral changes in captive chimpanzees

Overall, after the move to the larger [structurally enriched] facility, there was an increase in activity, a decrease in stereotypical behaviour, and an increase in threat behavior.

Year Published: 1999Animal Type: Chimpanzee, Nonhuman Primate

Citation: Jensvold, M. L. J., Fouts, R. S., Fouts, D. H. 1999. Behavioral changes in captive chimpanzees. ChimpanZoo Conference Proceedings, 66 (Abstract).

Chimpanzees and retirement

The information on group formation is readily available, and several sanctuaries exist that can provide appropriate models for retirement. What has not been available to date is a commitment to the long-term care of chimpanzees that translates into dollars to...

Year Published: 1999Animal Type: Chimpanzee, Nonhuman Primate

Citation: Noon, C. 1999. Chimpanzees and retirement. Journal of Applied Animal Welfare Science 2, 141-146.

The nuts and bolts of captive chimpanzee diets and food as enrichment: A survey

Results suggest facilities are moving away from timed feeding schedules, which tend to increase prefeeding levels of agonism, to feeding a wide variety of food throughout the day and using a wide variety of feeding techniques.

Year Published: 1999Topics: Environmental EnrichmentAnimal Type: Chimpanzee, Nonhuman Primate

Citation: Howell, S. M., Fritz, J. 1999. The nuts and bolts of captive chimpanzee diets and food as enrichment: A survey. Journal of Applied Animal Welfare Science 2, 205-215.

Variables influencing the origins of diverse abnormal behaviors in a large sample of captive chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes)

Rocking and self-sucking were significantly more likely in hand-reared animals. Coprophagy and depilation of self were significantly more likely in mother-reared animals. ... The only significant sex difference was a higher prevalence of coprophagy in females and a higher prevalence...

Year Published: 1999Animal Type: Chimpanzee, Nonhuman Primate

Citation: Nash, L. T., Fritz, J., Alford, P. A. et al. 1999. Variables influencing the origins of diverse abnormal behaviors in a large sample of captive chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes). American Journal of Primatology 48, 15-29.

Allowing captive marmosets to choose the size and position of their nest box

Preferences for nest box size and position were tested in two groups of common marmoset,Callithrix jacchus jacchus.In a pre-test phase two, new, wooden nest boxes were introduced to each group alongside their old metal one, so that the animals could...

Year Published: 1999Animal Type: Marmoset, Nonhuman Primate

Citation: Hosey, G. R., Jacques, M., Burton, M. 1999. Allowing captive marmosets to choose the size and position of their nest box. Animal Welfare 8(3), 281-285.

Forage “shooter”: A means to widely distribute forage materials

A device was designed that allows us to blow forage [e.g., chicken scratch] into both empty and occupied cages and over a wide area.

Year Published: 1999Topics: Environmental Enrichment, Husbandry & ManagementAnimal Type: Chimpanzee, Nonhuman Primate

Citation: Murphy, J., Fritz, J. 1999. Forage "shooter": A means to widely distribute forage materials. The Newsletter 10(4), 1-3.

Friendship’ for fitness in chimpanzees? Animal Behaviour 58, 1223-1229

It has been repeatedly suggested that primates trade social services for fitness benefits in their relationships with the opposite sex. We tested this proposal in a colony of captive chimpanzees,Pan troglodytes, by examining behavioural data on grooming, agonistic support and...

Year Published: 1999Animal Type: Chimpanzee, Nonhuman Primate

Citation: Hemelrijk, C. K., Meier. C., Martin, R. D. 1999. 'Friendship' for fitness in chimpanzees? Animal Behaviour 58, 1223-1229.