Nonhuman Primate

The Detroit Zoo Chimpanzees Pan troglodytes: exhibit design, group composition and the process of group formation

All adults were introduced to each other first through mesh and then physically. ... Before all physical introductions, the Chimpanzees involved were fed double their normal morning rations and then fed a single ration ten minutes prior to the start...

Year Published: 1994Animal Type: Chimpanzee, Nonhuman Primate

Citation: McDonald, S. 1994. The Detroit Zoo Chimpanzees Pan troglodytes: exhibit design, group composition and the process of group formation. International Zoo Yearbook 33, 235-247.

A preliminary study of the effects of ecologically relevant sounds on the behaviour of captive lowland gorillas

Moderate levels of noise associated with captive animal housing, particularly intermittent noises, may be stressful for animal inhabitants. This is particularly noteworthy in that these effects did not disappear over time, countering those who might suggest that 'noise is okay,...

Year Published: 1994Animal Type: Nonhuman Primate, Other Nonhuman Primate

Citation: Ogden, J. J., Lindburg, D. G., Maple, T. L. 1994. A preliminary study of the effects of ecologically relevant sounds on the behaviour of captive lowland gorillas. Applied Animal Behaviour Science 39, 163-176.

Small primate enrichment at the Calgary Zoo, part 3: patas and spider monkeys

Some feeding enrichment options are reported. Some animals leaped several feet to a fruit stuck on branches, even when fruit was freely available on the ground.

Year Published: 1994Topics: Environmental EnrichmentAnimal Type: Nonhuman Primate, Other Nonhuman Primate

Citation: McGivern, L. 1994. Small primate enrichment at the Calgary Zoo, part 3: patas and spider monkeys. The Shape of Enrichment 3(2), 8-9.

When trying to get your monkeys to behave, try perches

Higher perching elevations appear to be a very desirable feature in this environment for the expression of six of the twelve behaviors studied. Mid-level perches, on the other hand, were utilized more for only two of the behaviors: self play...

Year Published: 1994Topics: Environmental Enrichment, HousingAnimal Type: Macaque, Nonhuman Primate

Citation: O'Neill-Wagner, P. L. 1994. When trying to get your monkeys to behave, try perches. In Touch 1(2), 6-8.

Environmental enrichment methods for Old World monkeys: Practical aspects

Summary of common enrichment strategies.

Year Published: 1994Topics: Environmental EnrichmentAnimal Type: Macaque, Nonhuman Primate, Vervet (African Green Monkey)

Citation: Maillot, A., Malecki, H., Milhaud, C. et al. 1994. Environmental enrichment methods for Old World monkeys: Practical aspects. Folia Primatologica 62(4), 203. (Primate Meeting Abstract)

Facilitating the expression of species-specific behaviors

The attractiveness of high and mid-level perches for nine of the twelve behaviors studied is also apparent. Ground level was the location selected most often [by group-housed animals] for locomotion and foraging. Although the findings suggest that the indoor areas...

Year Published: 1994Topics: HousingAnimal Type: Nonhuman Primate

Citation: O'Neill-Wagner, P. L. 1994. Facilitating the expression of species-specific behaviors. Functional housing for captive monkey groups: Multiple perches and alternatives. American Zoo and Aquarium Association (AZA) Regional Conference Proceedings, 132-138.

Psychological and hormonal aspects of hierarchy formation in groups of male squirrel monkeys

Five triads were established by releasing simultaneously three previously pair-housed males into large cages. Males of newly formed trios spent an average of 44% of their time huddling in affilative contact with male cagemates.

Year Published: 1994Animal Type: Nonhuman Primate, Squirrel Monkey

Citation: Lyons, D. M., Mendoza, S. P., Mason, W. A. 1994. Psychological and hormonal aspects of hierarchy formation in groups of male squirrel monkeys. American Journal of Primatology 32, 109-122.

Expression of species-specific behavior in rhesus monkeys

High level perches were preferred over medium level and low perches for sleeping, social grooming and sitting. There were no overall age-effects on the use of perches. ... The availability of escape routes to outside areas reduced stress caused by...

Year Published: 1994Animal Type: Macaque, Nonhuman Primate

Citation: O'Neill-Wagner, P. L. 1994. Expression of species-specific behavior in rhesus monkeys. Lab Animal 23(10), 40-44.

Training a large troop of rhesus macaques to co-operate during catching: Analysis of the time investment

This study demonstrates that only a minimal time investment was needed to train a large troop of laboratory non-human primates to co-operate in the catching procedure. A group of 45 rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta) was trained to enter a chute...

Year Published: 1994Topics: Animal Training, Handling, RestraintAnimal Type: Macaque, Nonhuman Primate

Citation: Luttrell, L., Acker, L., Urben, M. et al. 1994. Training a large troop of rhesus macaques to co-operate during catching: Analysis of the time investment. Animal Welfare 3(2), 135-140.

Social enrichment for previously single-caged stump-tail macaques

Isosexual pair-housing of ten female and six male previously single-caged adult stump-tailed macaques (Macaca arctoides) was attempted. Partners were introduced to each other following the establishment of rank relationships during a three-day non-contact familiarization period. Pair formations did not entail...

Year Published: 1994Topics: Social Housing & CompanionshipAnimal Type: Macaque, Nonhuman Primate

Citation: Reinhardt, V. 1994. Social enrichment for previously single-caged stump-tail macaques. Animal Technology 5, 37-41.