Macaque

Time budget of caged rhesus monkeys exposed to a companion, a PVC perch and a piece of wood for an extended time*

Sixty animals were continuously exposed for at least 1.5 years to a compatible companion for social interaction, a suspended plastic pipe for perching, and a branch segment for gnawing. ... Individuals spent an average of 23.5% of the time interacting...

Year Published: 1990Topics: Environmental Enrichment, Social Housing & CompanionshipAnimal Type: Macaque, Nonhuman Primate

Citation: Reinhardt, V. 1990. Time budget of caged rhesus monkeys exposed to a companion, a PVC perch and a piece of wood for an extended time*. American Journal of Primatology 20, 51-56.

Social enrichment for laboratory primates: A critical review

23% (54/237) of individually caged, but only 10% (38/382) of pair-housed rhesus monkeys required medical treatment. A photograph shows a compatible pair of adult males who have been reared as social isolates.

Year Published: 1990Animal Type: Macaque, Nonhuman Primate

Citation: Reinhardt, V. 1990. Social enrichment for laboratory primates: A critical review. Laboratory Primate Newsletter 29(3), 7-11.

A perch for caged macaques

Wooden and plastic perches have been tested successfully by several hundred rhesus monkeys and 40 stump-tailed monkeys of both sexes and various ages over the last 3 years. Perches have proven an inexpensive, simple, yet effective environmental enrichment for these...

Year Published: 1990Topics: Environmental Enrichment, HousingAnimal Type: Macaque, Nonhuman Primate

Citation: Reinhardt, V. 1990. A perch for caged macaques. Humane Innovations and Alternatives in Animal Experimentation 4, 134-135.

Environmental enrichment program for caged stump-tailed macaques (Macaca arctoides)

An effective social and inanimate enrichment program for caged stump-tailed macaques is described. Paired companions interacted with each other 22% of the time, they used the PVC perch 4.2% of the time, and the gnawing stick 5.7% of them time.

Year Published: 1990Topics: Environmental EnrichmentAnimal Type: Macaque, Nonhuman Primate

Citation: Reinhardt, V. 1990. Environmental enrichment program for caged stump-tailed macaques (Macaca arctoides). Laboratory Primate Newsletter 29(2), 10-11.

Comparing the effectiveness of PVC perches versus wooden perches as environmental enrichment objects for singly caged rhesus monkeys

One half of each cage was provided with a PVC pipe, the other with an oak branch. Both perches had the same diameter and were installed in the same manner. During one-hour observation sessions, single-caged subjects showed no clear preference...

Year Published: 1990Animal Type: Macaque, Nonhuman Primate

Citation: Reinhardt, V. 1990. Comparing the effectiveness of PVC perches versus wooden perches as environmental enrichment objects for singly caged rhesus monkeys. Laboratory Primate Newsletter 29(1), 13-14.

Catching Individual Rhesus Monkeys Living in Captive Groups (Videotape With Commentary)

A simple capture-chute design is demonstrated. Using vocal commands, a single person swiftly catches all members of a trained rhesus breeding group one-by-one in a transport cage without causing any disturbance or stress.

Year Published: 1990Animal Type: Macaque, Nonhuman Primate

Citation: Reinhardt, V. 1990. Catching Individual Rhesus Monkeys Living in Captive Groups (Videotape With Commentary). Wisconsin Regional Primate Research Center.Available on loan from Animal Care Audio-Visual Materials, WRPRC, 1220 Capitol Court, Madison, WI 53715, USA, Madison, WI.

Avoiding undue stress: Catching individual animals in groups of rhesus monkeys

Training technique is described. We have successfully trained two heterogeneous rhesus troops of 28 and 33 members. The catching procedure has become a routine that is no longer associated with excitation and distress. It is now possible for one experienced...

Year Published: 1990Topics: Animal Training, HandlingAnimal Type: Macaque, Nonhuman Primate

Citation: Reinhardt, V. 1990. Avoiding undue stress: Catching individual animals in groups of rhesus monkeys. Lab Animal 19(6), 52-53.

Environmental enrichment for marmosets

Marmosets are among the easiest of primates to provide with environmental enrichment. Like other higher primates, they need companionship, adequate space with incorporated complexity, some unpredictability in the environment, ways in which they can manipulate or control their environment.

Year Published: 1990Topics: Environmental Enrichment, Housing, Social Housing & CompanionshipAnimal Type: Macaque, Nonhuman Primate

Citation: Poole, T. B. 1990. Environmental enrichment for marmosets. Animal Technology 41(2), 81-86.

Changes in basal and stimulated growth hormone secretion in the aging rhesus monkeys: A comparison of chair restraint and tether and vest sampling

Animals who were adapted to chair restraint appeared calm,but they showed consistently higher cortisol levels than free moving tethered animals.

Year Published: 1990Animal Type: Macaque, Nonhuman Primate

Citation: Wheeler, M. D., Schutzengel, R. E., Barry, S. et al. 1990. Changes in basal and stimulated growth hormone secretion in the aging rhesus monkeys: A comparison of chair restraint and tether and vest sampling. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism 71, 1501-1507.

Provision of manipulable objects to cynomolgus macaques promotes species-typical behavior

A different pet toy was provided to each [single-caged] monkey during six weeks. Self-directed abnormal behavior was reduced or eliminated in all subjects in the presence of objects but increased after removal of the toys.

Year Published: 1990Animal Type: Macaque, Nonhuman Primate

Citation: Weld, K. P., Erwin, J. 1990. Provision of manipulable objects to cynomolgus macaques promotes species-typical behavior. American Journal of Primatology 20, 243 (Abstract).