Cattle

Social behaviour and social relationships between female and male prepubertal bovine calves (Bos indicus)

The social behavior and social bonds between semi-wild prepubertal calves are described.

Year Published: 1978Animal Type: Cattle

Citation: Reinhardt, V., Mutiso, F. M., Reinhardt, A. 1978. Social behaviour and social relationships between female and male prepubertal bovine calves (Bos indicus). Applied Animal Ethology (Applied Animal Behaviour Science) 4, 43-54.

Untersuchung Zum Sozialverhalten Des Rindes – Eine Zweijahrige Beobachtung an Einer Halb-Wilden Rinderhede (Bos Indicus) [Investigations on the Social Behaviour of Cattle – A Two-Year-Observation of a Half-Wild Cattle Herd (Bos Indicus); German Text With English Summary]

The social behavior of a semi-wild cattle herd was described and analysed covering a 2-year observation period. In cattle husbandry, livestock should be only kept in such systems that meet the species-specific social needs of the animals, e.g., enough room,...

Year Published: 1980Topics: Natural BehaviorAnimal Type: Cattle

Citation: Reinhardt, V. 1980. Untersuchung Zum Sozialverhalten Des Rindes - Eine Zweijahrige Beobachtung an Einer Halb-Wilden Rinderhede (Bos Indicus) [Investigations on the Social Behaviour of Cattle - A Two-Year-Observation of a Half-Wild Cattle Herd (Bos Indicus); German Text With English Summary]. Birkhauser Verlag, Boston, MA.

Natural sucking performance and age of weaning in zebu cattle (Bos indicus)

The total sucking time and the number of bouts varied significantly in inverse relation to age of the calf, but the duration of a sucking bout was constant at 8 min and independent of age. There was an average of...

Year Published: 1981Animal Type: Cattle

Citation: Reinhardt, V., Reinhardt, A. 1981. Natural sucking performance and age of weaning in zebu cattle (Bos indicus). Journal of Agricultural Science 96, 309-312.

Cohesive relationships in a cattle herd (Bos indicus)

Cohesive relationships were studied in a semi-wild cattle herd and traced over periods of three to five years. It became evident that mother cows prefer their female and male progeny over non-related calves as grooming and grazing partners. These associations...

Year Published: 1981Topics: Natural Behavior, Social Housing & CompanionshipAnimal Type: Cattle

Citation: Reinhardt, V., Reinhardt, A. 1981. Cohesive relationships in a cattle herd (Bos indicus). Behaviour 77, 121-151.

Reproductive performance in a semi-wild cattle herd (Bos indicus)

Reproductive performance was assessed in a semi-wild Boran cattle herd living on a grassland ranch in Kenya. Male calves copulated with cows a long time after they were weaned naturally. Up to the age of 16 months they were prevented...

Year Published: 1982Animal Type: Cattle

Citation: Reinhardt, V. 1982. Reproductive performance in a semi-wild cattle herd (Bos indicus). Journal of Agricultural Science 98, 567-569.

Physiological assessment of adaptation in farm animals

Calves housed tied-up on slatted floors showed a higher increase in cortisol levels after venipuncture than those reared in groups on straw.

Year Published: 1983Animal Type: Cattle

Citation: Dantzer, R. , Morm?de, P. 1983. Physiological assessment of adaptation in farm animals. In: Farm Animal Housing and Welfare. Baxter, S. H., Baxter, M. R., MacCormack, J. A. D. (eds), 8-19. Marinus Nijhoff Publishers, Boston, MA.

Behavioural assessment in muskox calves

One calf nibbles and pulls at the coat of a lying partner's neck and wither. The latter quickly interrupts this by getting to his feet (Fig. 11). .. Nibbling and gentle pawing were unrelated to dominance and competition. .. the...

Year Published: 1983Animal Type: Cattle

Citation: Reinhardt, V., Flood, P. F. 1983. Behavioural assessment in muskox calves. Behaviour 87, 1-21.

Movement orders and leadership in a semi-wild cattle herd

The semi-wild cattle established stable progression orders that were NOT correlated with the dominance rank order. The dipping order [animals were forced to move on and jump into the dip] was related to age with old animals walking in the...

Year Published: 1983Animal Type: Cattle

Citation: Reinhardt, V. 1983. Movement orders and leadership in a semi-wild cattle herd. Behaviour 83, 251-264.

Results of reseach projects into flooring preferences of cattle

Cattle prefer lying on a relatively soft and dry rather than on a hard and wet surface.

Year Published: 1983Animal Type: Cattle

Citation: Irps, H. 1983. Results of reseach projects into flooring preferences of cattle. In: Farm Animal Housing and Welfare. Baxter, S. H., Baxter, M. R., MacCormack, J. A. C. (eds), 200-215. Marinus Nijhoff, The Hague, Netherlands.

Behavioral sex differences in muskox calves

A calf nibbles at the coat of a partner's neck or wither. The latter interrupts this by moving away slightly. .. The animal that was nibbled did not show signs of aggression nor did it retreat. .. Nibbling occurred more...

Year Published: 1984Animal Type: Cattle

Citation: Reinhardt, V. 1984. Behavioral sex differences in muskox calves. Biological Papers of the University of Alaska, Special Report 4, 110-117.