Bird

Foot and skeletal disorders in laying hens

Flat-surfaced, mushroom-shaped, wooden perches reduce keel damage when compared with traditional, wide, rectangular wooden perches [which cause less damage than those with circular cross-section].

Year Published: 1994Animal Type: Bird, Chicken

Citation: Tauson, R., Abrahamsson, P. 1994. Foot and skeletal disorders in laying hens. Acta Agriculturae Scandinavia, Section A - Animal Science 44, 110-119.

Environmental enrichment information resources for laboratory animals: 1965-1995: birds, cats, dogs, farm animals, ferrets, rabbits, and rodents (Vol

Year Published: 1995Animal Type: Bird, Cat, Cattle, Dog, Equine, Ferret, Goat, Pig, Rabbit, Rodent, Sheep

Citation: Smith CP, Taylor V, Nicol C. 1995. Environmental enrichment information resources for laboratory animals: 1965-1995: birds, cats, dogs, farm animals, ferrets, rabbits, and rodents (Vol. 2). DIANE publishing.

Effects of regular handling and exposure to an outside area on subsequent fearfulness and dispersal in domestic hens

Repeated exposure of immature birds to an outside area [enriched environment] reduced fear levels to a greater degree than did regular handling alone. These results are in accord with studies which suggest that previous regular exposure to a complex environment...

Year Published: 1995Animal Type: Bird, Chicken

Citation: Grigor, P. N., Hughes, B. O., Appleby, M. C. 1995. Effects of regular handling and exposure to an outside area on subsequent fearfulness and dispersal in domestic hens. Applied Animal Behaviour Science 44, 47-55.

Endogenous analgesia in the chicken

When chickens were placed in pairs into pens containing a deep layer of wood shavings, they either showed complete analgesia or significantly less pain-related behavioral reactions to a joint inflammation produced by urate injection. When tested in the barren cage,...

Year Published: 1995Animal Type: Bird, Chicken

Citation: Gentle, M. J., Corr, S. A. 1995. Endogenous analgesia in the chicken. Neuroscience Letters 201, 211-215.

Environmental enrichment for laying hens – Spherical objects in the feed trough

Brightly coloured spherical objects [balls 4-9 cm in diameter] placed in the feed trough are considered to be a promising method of successful environmental enrichment [simulating ground-litter] for caged laying hens. There was no indication of habituation.

Year Published: 1995Topics: Environmental EnrichmentAnimal Type: Bird, Chicken

Citation: Sherwin, C. M. 1995. Environmental enrichment for laying hens - Spherical objects in the feed trough. Animal Welfare 4, 41-51.

Environmental enrichment for birds

The greatest risk of physical injury will occur if birds become frightened and attempt to escape from their cages, either during catching procedures or simply when disturbed by human presence. It is therefore important to allow sufficient space for running...

Year Published: 1995Topics: Environmental Enrichment, Housing, Social Housing & CompanionshipAnimal Type: Bird

Citation: Nicol, C. J. 1995. Environmental enrichment for birds. Animal Welfare Information Center [AWIC] Resource Series 2, 1-3.

Restraint and Handling of Wild and Domestic Animals (Second Edition)

Photographic documentation of enforced restraint and handling techniques.

Year Published: 1995Animal Type: All/General, Amphibian, Baboon, Bird, Capuchin, Cat, Cattle, Chimpanzee, Chinchilla, Crocodile & Alligator, Dog, Equine, Fish, Gerbil, Gibbon, Goat, Guinea Pig, Hamster, Lemur, Lizard, Macaque, Marine Mammal, Marmoset, Mole Rat, Mouse, Nonhuman Primate, Other Animal, Other Nonhuman Primate, Other Rodent, Owl Monkey, Pig, Rabbit, Rat, Reptile, Rodent, Sheep, Snake, Squirrel Monkey, Turtle & Tortoise, Vervet (African Green Monkey)

Citation: Fowler, M. E. 1995. Restraint and Handling of Wild and Domestic Animals (Second Edition). Iowa State University Press, Ames, IA.

Norwegian Animal Welfare Act

This Act applies to live animals, birds, toads, frogs, salamanders, reptiles, fish, and crustaceans.

Year Published: 1995Animal Type: All/General, Amphibian, Bird, Crustacean, Fish, Frog & Toad, Reptile, Salamander

Citation: Ministry of Agriculture 1995. Norwegian Animal Welfare Act. Ministry of Agriculture, Oslo, Norway.

Enrichment for farm animals

Review of basic principles of adequate housing and handling of farm animals in the research laboratory setting.

Year Published: 1995Animal Type: All/General, Bird, Cattle, Chicken, Equine, Pig, Sheep

Citation: Appleby, M. C. 1995. Enrichment for farm animals. Animal Welfare Information Center [AWIC] Resource Series 2, 63-67.

The behavioural priorities of laying hens: the effects of two methods of environmental enrichment on time budget

Environmental enrichment and/or feeding from the [woodchips] litter reduces agonistic behaviour and possibly frustration.

Year Published: 1996Topics: Environmental EnrichmentAnimal Type: Bird, Chicken

Citation: Bubier, N. E. 1996. The behavioural priorities of laying hens: the effects of two methods of environmental enrichment on time budget. Behavioural Processes 37, 239-249.