All/General

Self-awareness – do animals recognize themselves? In: Making Lives Easier for Animals in Research Labs: Discussions by the Laboratory Animal Refinement & Enrichment Forum

Some species we are working with respond to the reflection they perceive in a mirror. They may use a mirror to see objects that they could otherwise not see, and they may respond to the reflection of other conspecifics and...

Year Published: 2007Topics: Emotion, Pain, & SentienceAnimal Type: All/General

Citation: LAREF [Laboratory Animal Refinement and Enrichment Forum] 2007. Self-awareness - do animals recognize themselves? In: Making Lives Easier for Animals in Research Labs: Discussions by the Laboratory Animal Refinement & Enrichment Forum. Baumans, V., Coke, C., Green, J., Moreau, E., Morton, D., Patterson-Kane, E., Reinhardt, A., Reinhardt, V., Van Loo, P. (eds), 24-25. Animal Welfare Institute, Washington, DC.

Stress and distress

Stress as such is not harmful, even though it challenges the subject's physiological equilibrium. Severe stress or prolonged stress both develop into distress, when the subject can no longer cope with the stressor and shows maladaptive responses. A stressed animal...

Year Published: 2007Topics: Emotion, Pain, & SentienceAnimal Type: All/General

Citation: LAREF [Laboratory Animal Refinement and Enrichment Forum] 2007. Stress and distress. In: Making Lives Easier for Animals in Research Labs: Discussions by the Laboratory Animal Refinement & Enrichment Forum. Baumans, V., Coke, C., Green, J., Moreau, E., Morton, D., Patterson-Kane, E., Reinhardt, A., Reinhardt, V., Van Loo, P. (eds), 36-37. Animal Welfare Institute, Washington, DC.

Supporting animal technicians implementing the 3Rs

The NC3Rs (National Centre for the Replacement, Refinement and Reduction of Animals in Research) recognises and supports the important role that animal technicians play in reducing animal suffering and achieving high standards of animal welfare. Animal technicians are well placed...

Year Published: 2007Animal Type: All/General

Citation: Playle, L., Scott, A. 2007. Supporting animal technicians implementing the 3Rs. Animal Technology and Welfare 6(1), 25-27.

Ethics and Refinement in animal research

Journals should give authors space to describe refinement and welfare precautions. We demonstrate that such descriptions are rare ... implying a real dangere that animals will have to suffer unnessessarily, and that animal welfare will be improved later than necessary.

Year Published: 2007Animal Type: All/General

Citation: Olsson, I. A. S., Hansen, A. K., Sandoe, P. 2007. Ethics and Refinement in animal research. Science 317, 1680.

The challenge of challenge: Can problem solving opportunities enhance animal welfare?

Cognitive mechanisms are an important part of the organization of the behavior systems of animals. In the wild, animals regularly face problems that they must overcome in order to survive and thrive. Solving such problems often requires animals to process,...

Year Published: 2007Topics: Environmental EnrichmentAnimal Type: All/General

Citation: Meehan, C. L., Mench, J. A. 2007. The challenge of challenge: Can problem solving opportunities enhance animal welfare? Applied Animal Welfare Science 102(3-4), 246-261.

Institutional survey on quarantine enrichment in zoos

Year Published: 2007Topics: Environmental EnrichmentAnimal Type: All/General

Citation: Corcoran Gomez, K., Hedberg, G. E. 2007. Institutional survey on quarantine enrichment in zoos . Shape of Enrichment 16(1&2), 6-10.

Appendix A of the European Convention for the Protection of Vertebrate Animals Used for Experimental and Other Scientific Purposes

Progressive regulations pertaining to the species-appropriate housing and handling of animals kept in research labs.Because the common laboratory non-human primates are social animals, they should be housed with one or more compatible conspecifics. .. Single housing should only occur if...

Year Published: 2007Animal Type: All/General, Nonhuman Primate

Citation: Council of Europe 2006. Appendix A of the European Convention for the Protection of Vertebrate Animals Used for Experimental and Other Scientific Purposes (ETS No. 123) Enacted June 15, 2007. Council of Europe, Strasbourg, France.

The journey to animal welfare improvement

The process of driving improvement in animal welfare has three stages: 1) assessment of animal welfare, 2) identification of the risk factors potentially leading to a compromise in animal welfare, and 3) interventions, in response to the risk factors, to...

Year Published: 2007Animal Type: All/General

Citation: Whay, H. R. 2007. The journey to animal welfare improvement. Animal Welfare 16(2), 117-122.

Normal behaviour as a basis for animal welfare assessment

It is necessary to assess, for each farm animal species and each housing system, whether animal welfare is at risk in any way if the behaviour observed differs from the behaviour that would occur in a natural environment. Detailed knowledge...

Year Published: 2007Animal Type: All/General

Citation: Wechsler, B. 2007. Normal behaviour as a basis for animal welfare assessment. Animal Welfare 16(2), 107-110.

Noise in animal facilities: why it matters

Environmental noise can alter endocrine, reproductive and cardiovascular function, disturb sleep/wake cycles, and can mask normal communication between animals. These outcomes indicate that noise in the animal facility might have wide-ranging affects on animals, making what laboratory animals hear of...

Year Published: 2007Animal Type: All/General

Citation: Turner, J. G., Bauer, C. A., Rybak, L. P. 2007. Noise in animal facilities: why it matters. Journal of the American Association for Laboratory Animal Science [Contemporary Topics in Laboratory Animal Science] 46(1), 10-13.